一、RestTemplate說明
RestTemplate是Spring提供的用于訪問Rest服務的客戶端,RestTemplate提供了多種便捷訪問遠程Http服務的方法,能夠大大提高客戶端的編寫效率。前面的博客中http://www.ythuaji.com.cn/article/149367.html,已經使用Jersey客戶端來實現了消費spring boot的Restful服務,接下來,我們使用RestTemplate來消費前面示例中的Restful服務,前面的示例:
springboot整合H2內存數據庫,實現單元測試與數據庫無關性
該示例提供的Restful服務如下:http://localhost:7900/user/1
{"id":1,"username":"user1","name":"張三","age":20,"balance":100.00}
二、創建工程
三、工程結構
pom文件依賴如下:
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < project xmlns = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" > < modelVersion >4.0.0</ modelVersion > < groupId >com.chhliu.springboot.restful</ groupId > < artifactId >springboot-rest-template</ artifactId > < version >0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</ version > < packaging >jar</ packaging > < name >springboot-rest-template</ name > < description >Demo project for Spring Boot RestTemplate</ description > < parent > < groupId >org.springframework.boot</ groupId > < artifactId >spring-boot-starter-parent</ artifactId > < version >1.4.3.RELEASE</ version > < relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </ parent > < properties > < project.build.sourceEncoding >UTF-8</ project.build.sourceEncoding > < project.reporting.outputEncoding >UTF-8</ project.reporting.outputEncoding > < java.version >1.7</ java.version > </ properties > < dependencies > < dependency > < groupId >org.springframework.boot</ groupId > < artifactId >spring-boot-starter-web</ artifactId > </ dependency > < dependency > < groupId >org.springframework.boot</ groupId > < artifactId >spring-boot-starter-test</ artifactId > < scope >test</ scope > </ dependency > <!-- 熱啟動,熱部署依賴包,為了調試方便,加入此包 --> < dependency > < groupId >org.springframework.boot</ groupId > < artifactId >spring-boot-devtools</ artifactId > < optional >true</ optional > </ dependency > </ dependencies > < build > < plugins > < plugin > < groupId >org.springframework.boot</ groupId > < artifactId >spring-boot-maven-plugin</ artifactId > </ plugin > </ plugins > </ build > </ project > |
四、加入vo
由于我們使用RestTemplate調用Restful服務后,需要將對應的json串轉換成User對象,所以需要將這個類拷貝到該工程中,如下:
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package com.chhliu.springboot.restful.vo; import java.math.BigDecimal; public class User { private Long id; private String username; private String name; private Short age; private BigDecimal balance; // ……省略getter和setter方法 /** * attention: * Details:TODO * @author chhliu * 創建時間:2017-1-20 下午2:05:45 * @return */ @Override public String toString() { return "User [id=" + id + ", username=" + username + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age + ", balance=" + balance + "]" ; } } |
五,編寫controller
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package com.chhliu.springboot.restful.controller; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate; import com.chhliu.springboot.restful.vo.User; @RestController public class RestTemplateController { @Autowired @GetMapping ( "/template/{id}" ) public User findById( @PathVariable Long id) { // http://localhost:7900/user/是前面服務的對應的url User u = this .restTemplate.getForObject( "http://localhost:7900/user/" + id, User. class ); System.out.println(u); return u; } } |
六、啟動程序
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package com.chhliu.springboot.restful; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.boot.web.client.RestTemplateBuilder; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate; @SpringBootApplication public class SpringbootRestTemplateApplication { // 啟動的時候要注意,由于我們在controller中注入了RestTemplate,所以啟動的時候需要實例化該類的一個實例 @Autowired private RestTemplateBuilder builder; // 使用RestTemplateBuilder來實例化RestTemplate對象,spring默認已經注入了RestTemplateBuilder實例 @Bean public RestTemplate restTemplate() { return builder.build(); } public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(SpringbootRestTemplateApplication. class , args); } } |
七、測試
在瀏覽器中輸入:http://localhost:7902/template/1
測試結果如下:
控制臺打印結果:
User [id=1, username=user1, name=張三, age=20, balance=100.00]
通過上面的測試,說明我們已經成功的調用了spring boot的Restful服務。
八、改進
上面的測試中,有一個很不好的地方,
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User u = this .restTemplate.getForObject( "http://localhost:7900/user/" + id, User. class ); |
此處出現了硬編碼,當服務器地址改變的時候,需要改動對應的代碼,改進的方法,將Restful服務的地址寫到配置文件中。
修改controller如下:
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package com.chhliu.springboot.restful.controller; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate; import com.chhliu.springboot.restful.vo.User; @RestController public class RestTemplateController { @Autowired private RestTemplate restTemplate; // Restful服務對應的url地址 @Value ( "${user.userServicePath}" ) private String userServicePath; @GetMapping ( "/template/{id}" ) public User findById( @PathVariable Long id) { User u = this .restTemplate.getForObject( this .userServicePath + id, User. class ); System.out.println(u); return u; } } |
配置文件修改如下:
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server.port:7902 user.userServicePath=http://localhost:7900/user/ |
啟動程序:
發現測試是ok的,后面我們會引入spring cloud對這種調用方式進行進一步的改進!
以上就是本文的全部內容,希望對大家的學習有所幫助,也希望大家多多支持服務器之家。
原文鏈接:http://blog.csdn.net/liuchuanhong1/article/details/54631080