正則表達式匹配,其中:
-
* ~ 為區分大小寫匹配
-
* ~* 為不區分大小寫匹配
-
* !~和!~*分別為區分大小寫不匹配及不區分大小寫不匹配
文件及目錄匹配,其中:
-
* -f和!-f用來判斷是否存在文件
-
* -d和!-d用來判斷是否存在目錄
-
* -e和!-e用來判斷是否存在文件或目錄
-
* -x和!-x用來判斷文件是否可執行
flag標記有:
-
* last 相當于Apache里的[L]標記,表示完成rewrite
-
* break 終止匹配, 不再匹配后面的規則
-
* redirect 返回302臨時重定向 地址欄會顯示跳轉后的地址
-
* permanent 返回301永久重定向 地址欄會顯示跳轉后的地址
一些可用的全局變量有,可以用做條件判斷(待補全)
-
$args
-
$content_length
-
$content_type
-
$document_root
-
$document_uri
-
$host
-
$http_user_agent
-
$http_cookie
-
$limit_rate
-
$request_body_file
-
$request_method
-
$remote_addr
-
$remote_port
-
$remote_user
-
$request_filename
-
$request_uri
-
$query_string
-
$scheme
-
$server_protocol
-
$server_addr
-
$server_name
-
$server_port
-
$uri
結合QeePHP的例子
-
if (!-d $request_filename) {
-
rewrite ^/([a-z-A-Z]+)/([a-z-A-Z]+)/?(.*)$ /index.php?namespace=user&controller=$1&action=$2&$3 last;
-
rewrite ^/([a-z-A-Z]+)/?$ /index.php?namespace=user&controller=$1 last;
-
break;
多目錄轉成參數
abc.domian.com/sort/2 => abc.domian.com/index.php?act=sort&name=abc&id=2
-
if ($host ~* (.*)\.domain\.com) {
-
set $sub_name $1;
-
rewrite ^/sort\/(\d+)\/?$ /index.php?act=sort&cid=$sub_name&id=$1 last;
-
}
目錄對換
/123456/xxxx -> /xxxx?id=123456
-
rewrite ^/(\d+)/(.+)/ /$2?id=$1 last;
例如下面設定nginx在用戶使用ie的使用重定向到/nginx-ie目錄下:
-
if ($http_user_agent ~ MSIE) {
-
rewrite ^(.*)$ /nginx-ie/$1 break;
-
}
目錄自動加“/”
-
if (-d $request_filename){
-
rewrite ^/(.*)([^/])$ http://$host/$1$2/ permanent;
-
}
禁止htaccess
-
location ~/\.ht {
-
deny all;
-
}
禁止多個目錄
-
location ~ ^/(cron|templates)/ {
-
deny all;
-
break;
-
}
禁止以/data開頭的文件
可以禁止/data/下多級目錄下.log.txt等請求;
-
location ~ ^/data {
-
deny all;
-
}
禁止單個目錄
不能禁止.log.txt能請求
-
location /searchword/cron/ {
-
deny all;
-
}
禁止單個文件
-
location ~ /data/sql/data.sql {
-
deny all;
-
}
給favicon.ico和robots.txt設置過期時間;
這里為favicon.ico為99天,robots.txt為7天并不記錄404錯誤日志
-
location ~(favicon.ico) {
-
log_not_found off;
-
expires 99d;
-
break;
-
}
-
-
location ~(robots.txt) {
-
log_not_found off;
-
expires 7d;
-
break;
-
}
設定某個文件的過期時間;這里為600秒,并不記錄訪問日志
-
location ^~ /html/scripts/loadhead_1.js {
-
access_log off;
-
root /opt/lampp/htdocs/web;
-
expires 600;
-
break;
-
}
文件反盜鏈并設置過期時間
這里的return 412 為自定義的http狀態碼,默認為403,方便找出正確的盜鏈的請求
“rewrite ^/ http://leech.c1gstudio.com/leech.gif;”顯示一張防盜鏈圖片
“access_log off;”不記錄訪問日志,減輕壓力
“expires 3d”所有文件3天的瀏覽器緩存
-
location ~* ^.+\.(jpg|jpeg|gif|png|swf|rar|zip|css|js)$ {
-
valid_referers none blocked *.c1gstudio.com *.c1gstudio.net localhost 208.97.167.194;
-
if ($invalid_referer) {
-
rewrite ^/ http://leech.c1gstudio.com/leech.gif;
-
return 412;
-
break;
-
}
-
access_log off;
-
root /opt/lampp/htdocs/web;
-
expires 3d;
-
break;
-
}
只充許固定ip訪問網站,并加上密碼
-
root /opt/htdocs/www;
-
allow 208.97.167.194;
-
allow 222.33.1.2;
-
allow 231.152.49.4;
-
deny all;
-
auth_basic "C1G_ADMIN";
-
auth_basic_user_file htpasswd;
將多級目錄下的文件轉成一個文件,增強seo效果
/job-123-456-789.html 指向/job/123/456/789.html
-
rewrite ^/job-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)\.html$ /job/$1/$2/jobshow_$3.html last;
將根目錄下某個文件夾指向2級目錄
如/shanghaijob/ 指向 /area/shanghai/
如果你將last改成permanent,那么瀏覽器地址欄顯是/location/shanghai/
-
rewrite ^/([0-9a-z]+)job/(.*)$ /area/$1/$2 last;
上面例子有個問題是訪問/shanghai 時將不會匹配
-
rewrite ^/([0-9a-z]+)job$ /area/$1/ last;
-
rewrite ^/([0-9a-z]+)job/(.*)$ /area/$1/$2 last;
這樣/shanghai 也可以訪問了,但頁面中的相對鏈接無法使用,
如./list_1.html真實地址是/area/shanghia/list_1.html會變成/list_1.html,導至無法訪問。
那我加上自動跳轉也是不行咯
(-d $request_filename)它有個條件是必需為真實目錄,而我的rewrite不是的,所以沒有效果
-
if (-d $request_filename){
-
rewrite ^/(.*)([^/])$ http://$host/$1$2/ permanent;
-
}
知道原因后就好辦了,讓我手動跳轉吧
-
rewrite ^/([0-9a-z]+)job$ /$1job/ permanent;
-
rewrite ^/([0-9a-z]+)job/(.*)$ /area/$1/$2 last;
文件和目錄不存在的時候重定向:
-
if (!-e $request_filename) {
-
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
-
}
域名跳轉
-
server
-
{
-
listen 80;
-
server_name jump.c1gstudio.com;
-
index index.html index.htm index.php;
-
root /opt/lampp/htdocs/www;
-
rewrite ^/ http://www.c1gstudio.com/;
-
access_log off;
-
}
多域名轉向
-
server_name www.c1gstudio.com www.c1gstudio.net;
-
index index.html index.htm index.php;
-
root /opt/lampp/htdocs;
-
if ($host ~ "c1gstudio\.net") {
-
rewrite ^(.*) http://www.c1gstudio.com$1 permanent;
-
}
三級域名跳轉
-
if ($http_host ~* "^(.*)\.i\.c1gstudio\.com$") {
-
rewrite ^(.*) http://top.yingjiesheng.com$1;
-
break;
-
}
域名鏡向
-
server
-
{
-
listen 80;
-
server_name mirror.c1gstudio.com;
-
index index.html index.htm index.php;
-
root /opt/lampp/htdocs/www;
-
rewrite ^/(.*) http://www.c1gstudio.com/$1 last;
-
access_log off;
-
}
某個子目錄作鏡向
-
location ^~ /zhaopinhui {
-
rewrite ^.+ http://zph.c1gstudio.com/ last;
-
break;
-
}
discuz ucenter home (uchome) rewrite
-
rewrite ^/(space|network)-(.+)\.html$ /$1.php?rewrite=$2 last;
-
rewrite ^/(space|network)\.html$ /$1.php last;
-
rewrite ^/([0-9]+)$ /space.php?uid=$1 last;
discuz 7 rewrite
-
rewrite ^(.*)/archiver/((fid|tid)-[\w\-]+\.html)$ $1/archiver/index.php?$2 last;
-
rewrite ^(.*)/forum-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)\.html$ $1/forumdisplay.php?fid=$2&page=$3 last;
-
rewrite ^(.*)/thread-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)\.html$ $1/viewthread.php?tid=$2&extra=page\%3D$4&page=$3 last;
-
rewrite ^(.*)/profile-(username|uid)-(.+)\.html$ $1/viewpro.php?$2=$3 last;
-
rewrite ^(.*)/space-(username|uid)-(.+)\.html$ $1/space.php?$2=$3 last;
-
rewrite ^(.*)/tag-(.+)\.html$ $1/tag.php?name=$2 last;
給discuz某版塊單獨配置域名
-
server_name bbs.c1gstudio.com news.c1gstudio.com;
-
-
location = / {
-
if ($http_host ~ news\.c1gstudio.com$) {
-
rewrite ^.+ http://news.c1gstudio.com/forum-831-1.html last;
-
break;
-
}
-
}
discuz ucenter 頭像 rewrite 優化
-
location ^~ /ucenter {
-
location ~ .*\.php?$
-
{
-
#fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
-
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
-
fastcgi_index index.php;
-
include fcgi.conf;
-
}
-
-
location /ucenter/data/avatar {
-
log_not_found off;
-
access_log off;
-
location ~ /(.*)_big\.jpg$ {
-
error_page 404 /ucenter/images/noavatar_big.gif;
-
}
-
location ~ /(.*)_middle\.jpg$ {
-
error_page 404 /ucenter/images/noavatar_middle.gif;
-
}
-
location ~ /(.*)_small\.jpg$ {
-
error_page 404 /ucenter/images/noavatar_small.gif;
-
}
-
expires 300;
-
break;
-
}
-
}
jspace rewrite
-
location ~ .*\.php?$
-
{
-
#fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
-
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
-
fastcgi_index index.php;
-
include fcgi.conf;
-
}
-
-
location ~* ^/index.php/
-
{
-
rewrite ^/index.php/(.*) /index.php?$1 break;
-
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
-
fastcgi_index index.php;
-
include fcgi.conf;
-
}