Linux下安裝MongoDB的實現步驟
Mongo DB 是目前在IT行業非常流行的一種非關系型數據庫(NoSql),其靈活的數據存儲方式備受當前IT從業人員的青睞。Mongo DB很好的實現了面向對象的思想(OO思想),在Mongo DB中 每一條記錄都是一個Document對象。Mongo DB最大的優勢在于所有的數據持久操作都無需開發人員手動編寫SQL語句,直接調用方法就可以輕松的實現CRUD操作。本文介紹了如何快速安裝mongodb供大家參考。
一、安裝配置mongodb
Step 1: 設置系統環境及確保缺省端口27107可用
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###當前環境# cat /etc/issueRed Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.5 (Santiago)# vi /etc/selinux/configSELINUX=disabled |
Step 2: 下載安裝文件
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下載地址： https://www.mongodb.org/downloads. 或者直接在命令提示符下使用curl命令下載curl -O https://fastdl.mongodb.org/linux/mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.6.tgz |
Step 3: 解壓下載的文件
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# pwd/usr/local/src# tar -xvf mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.0.6.gz ###注，本文直接從網站下載，所以文件為.gz |
Step 4: 復制解壓文件到運行目錄
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# mkdir -p /var/lib/mongodb# cp -R -n /usr/local/src/mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.0.6/. /var/lib/mongodb/ |
Step 5: 設置環境變量
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e.g. export PATH=<mongodb-install-directory>/bin:$PATH# vi ~/.bash_profile export PATH=/var/lib/mongodb/bin:$PATH# source ~/.bash_profile |
Step 6: 創建數據目錄
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# mkdir -p /data/mongodata |
二、啟動及驗證mongodb
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###啟動mongo# mongod --dbpath /data/mongodata###以下內容為啟動后輸出的相關信息2015-10-28T10:03:33.100+0800 I JOURNAL [initandlisten] journal dir=/data/mongodata/journal2015-10-28T10:03:33.101+0800 I JOURNAL [initandlisten] recover : no journal files present, no recovery needed2015-10-28T10:03:33.264+0800 I JOURNAL [initandlisten] preallocateIsFaster=true 2.182015-10-28T10:03:33.398+0800 I JOURNAL [durability] Durability thread started2015-10-28T10:03:33.398+0800 I JOURNAL [journal writer] Journal writer thread started2015-10-28T10:03:33.401+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] MongoDB starting : pid=10191 port=27017 dbpath=/data/mongodata 64-bit host=java_22015-10-28T10:03:33.401+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: You are running this process as the root user, which is not recommended.2015-10-28T10:03:33.401+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] 2015-10-28T10:03:33.402+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] 2015-10-28T10:03:33.402+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled is 'always'.2015-10-28T10:03:33.402+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** We suggest setting it to 'never'2015-10-28T10:03:33.402+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] 2015-10-28T10:03:33.402+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag is 'always'.2015-10-28T10:03:33.402+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** We suggest setting it to 'never'2015-10-28T10:03:33.402+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] 2015-10-28T10:03:33.402+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] db version v3.0.62015-10-28T10:03:33.402+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] git version: 1ef45a23a4c5e3480ac919b28afcba3c615488f22015-10-28T10:03:33.402+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] build info: Linux ip-10-67-194-123 2.6.32-220.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Wed Nov 9 08:03:13 EST 2011 x86_64 BOOST_LIB_VERSION=1_492015-10-28T10:03:33.402+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] allocator: tcmalloc2015-10-28T10:03:33.402+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] options: { storage: { dbPath: "/data/mongodata" } }2015-10-28T10:03:33.404+0800 I INDEX [initandlisten] allocating new ns file /data/mongodata/local.ns, filling with zeroes...2015-10-28T10:03:33.491+0800 I STORAGE [FileAllocator] allocating new datafile /data/mongodata/local.0, filling with zeroes...2015-10-28T10:03:33.491+0800 I STORAGE [FileAllocator] creating directory /data/mongodata/_tmp2015-10-28T10:03:33.497+0800 I STORAGE [FileAllocator] done allocating datafile /data/mongodata/local.0, size: 64MB, took 0.001 secs2015-10-28T10:03:33.511+0800 I NETWORK [initandlisten] waiting for connections on port 27017###停止mongo，直接使用ctrl + c^C2015-10-28T10:09:21.510+0800 I CONTROL [signalProcessingThread] got signal 2 (Interrupt), will terminate after current cmd ends2015-10-28T10:09:21.511+0800 I CONTROL [signalProcessingThread] now exiting2015-10-28T10:09:21.511+0800 I NETWORK [signalProcessingThread] shutdown: going to close listening sockets...2015-10-28T10:09:21.511+0800 I NETWORK [signalProcessingThread] closing listening socket: 52015-10-28T10:09:21.511+0800 I NETWORK [signalProcessingThread] closing listening socket: 62015-10-28T10:09:21.511+0800 I NETWORK [signalProcessingThread] removing socket file: /tmp/mongodb-27017.sock2015-10-28T10:09:21.511+0800 I NETWORK [signalProcessingThread] shutdown: going to flush diaglog...2015-10-28T10:09:21.511+0800 I NETWORK [signalProcessingThread] shutdown: going to close sockets...2015-10-28T10:09:21.512+0800 I STORAGE [signalProcessingThread] shutdown: waiting for fs preallocator...2015-10-28T10:09:21.512+0800 I STORAGE [signalProcessingThread] shutdown: final commit...2015-10-28T10:09:21.512+0800 I JOURNAL [signalProcessingThread] journalCleanup...2015-10-28T10:09:21.512+0800 I JOURNAL [signalProcessingThread] removeJournalFiles2015-10-28T10:09:21.515+0800 I JOURNAL [signalProcessingThread] Terminating durability thread ...2015-10-28T10:09:21.615+0800 I JOURNAL [journal writer] Journal writer thread stopped2015-10-28T10:09:21.615+0800 I JOURNAL [durability] Durability thread stopped2015-10-28T10:09:21.615+0800 I STORAGE [signalProcessingThread] shutdown: closing all files...2015-10-28T10:09:21.618+0800 I STORAGE [signalProcessingThread] closeAllFiles() finished2015-10-28T10:09:21.618+0800 I STORAGE [signalProcessingThread] shutdown: removing fs lock...2015-10-28T10:09:21.618+0800 I CONTROL [signalProcessingThread] dbexit: rc: 0###修復啟動過程中的兩個警告，關于使用root用戶啟動mongo的警告先忽略# echo "never" > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled# echo "never" > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag###再次重啟，后置于后臺進程，# mongod --dbpath /data/mongodata &###查看啟動后的進程# ps -ef|grep mongo |grep -v greproot 11115 27956 0 10:11 pts/2 00:00:00 mongod --dbpath /data/mongodata# lsof -i:27017COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAMEmongod 11115 root 5u IPv4 50567119 0t0 TCP *:27017 (LISTEN)###使用mongo連接到mongod# mongoMongoDB shell version: 3.0.6connecting to: test2015-10-28T10:14:30.685+0800 I NETWORK [initandlisten] connection accepted from 127.0.0.1:53907 #1 (1 connection now open)Server has startup warnings: 2015-10-28T10:11:49.217+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: You are running this process as the root user, which is not recommended.2015-10-28T10:11:49.217+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] > help db.help() help on db methods db.mycoll.help() help on collection methods sh.help() sharding helpers rs.help() replica set helpers help admin administrative help help connect connecting to a db help help keys key shortcuts help misc misc things to know help mr mapreduce show dbs show database names show collections show collections in current database show users show users in current database show profile show most recent system.profile entries with time >= 1ms show logs show the accessible logger names show log [name] prints out the last segment of log in memory, 'global' is default use <db_name> set current database db.foo.find() list objects in collection foo db.foo.find( { a : 1 } ) list objects in foo where a == 1 it result of the last line evaluated; use to further iterate DBQuery.shellBatchSize = x set default number of items to display on shell exit quit the mongo shell> db.getCollection("version");test.version> exitbye |
三、mongodb相關工具
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###在安裝文件下有README，描述了常用的mongodb相關命令行工具# more /usr/local/mongodb/README MongoDB READMEWelcome to MongoDB!COMPONENTS bin/mongod - The database process. bin/mongos - Sharding controller. bin/mongo - The database shell (uses interactive javascript).UTILITIES bin/mongodump - MongoDB dump tool - for backups, snapshots, etc.. bin/mongorestore - MongoDB restore a dump bin/mongoexport - Export a single collection to test (JSON, CSV) bin/mongoimport - Import from JSON or CSV bin/mongofiles - Utility for putting and getting files from MongoDB GridFS bin/mongostat - Show performance statisticsRUNNING For command line options invoke: $ ./mongod --help To run a single server database: $ mkdir /data/db $ ./mongod $ $ # The mongo javascript shell connects to localhost and test database by default: $ ./mongo > helpDRIVERS Client drivers for most programming languages are available at mongodb.org. Use the shell ("mongo") for administrative tasks.###獲取單個命令用法# <command> --help# mongod --help|moreOptions:General options: -h [ --help ] show this usage information --version show version information# mongod --versiondb version v3.0.6git version: 1ef45a23a4c5e3480ac919b28afcba3c615488f2 |
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原文鏈接：http://blog.csdn.net/leshami/article/details/49465751
