什么是AspectCore Project ?
AspectCore Project 是適用于Asp.Net Core 平臺的輕量級 Aop(Aspect-oriented programming) 解決方案,它更好的遵循Asp.Net Core的模塊化開發理念,使用AspectCore可以更容易構建低耦合、易擴展的Web應用程序。AspectCore使用Emit實現高效的動態代理從而不依賴任何第三方Aop庫。
開使使用AspectCore
啟動 Visual Studio。從 File 菜單, 選擇 New > Project。選擇 ASP.NET Core Web Application 項目模版,創建新的 ASP.NET Core Web Application 項目。
- 從 Nuget 安裝 AspectCore.Extensions.DependencyInjection package:
- PM> Install-Package AspectCore.Extensions.DependencyInjection
- 在一般情況下可以使用抽象的InterceptorAttribute自定義特性類,它實現IInterceptor接口。AspectCore默認實現了基于Attribute的攔截器配置。我們的自定義攔截器看起來像下面這樣:
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public class CustomInterceptorAttribute : InterceptorAttribute { public async override Task Invoke(IAspectContext context, AspectDelegate next) { try { Console.WriteLine( "Before service call" ); await next(context); } catch (Exception) { Console.WriteLine( "Service threw an exception!" ); throw ; } finally { Console.WriteLine( "After service call" ); } } } |
定義ICustomService接口和它的實現類CustomService:
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public interface ICustomService { [CustomInterceptor] void Call(); } public class CustomService : ICustomService { public void Call() { Console.WriteLine( "service calling..." ); } } |
在HomeController中注入ICustomService:
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public class HomeController : Controller { private readonly ICustomService _service; public HomeController(ICustomService service) { _service = service; } public IActionResult Index() { _service.Call(); return View(); } } |
注冊ICustomService,接著,在ConfigureServices中配置創建代理類型的容器:
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public IServiceProvider ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services) { services.AddTransient<ICustomService, CustomService>(); services.AddMvc(); services.AddAspectCore(); return services.BuildAspectCoreServiceProvider(); } |
攔截器配置。首先安裝AspectCore.Extensions.Configuration package:
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PM> Install-Package AspectCore.Extensions.Configuration |
全局攔截器。使用AddAspectCore(Action<AspectCoreOptions>)
的重載方法,其中AspectCoreOptions提供InterceptorFactories注冊全局攔截器:
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services.AddAspectCore(config => { config.InterceptorFactories.AddTyped<CustomInterceptorAttribute>(); }); |
帶構造器參數的全局攔截器,在CustomInterceptorAttribute
中添加帶參數的構造器:
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public class CustomInterceptorAttribute : InterceptorAttribute { private readonly string _name; public CustomInterceptorAttribute( string name) { _name = name; } public async override Task Invoke(AspectContext context, AspectDelegate next) { try { Console.WriteLine( "Before service call" ); await next(context); } catch (Exception) { Console.WriteLine( "Service threw an exception!" ); throw ; } finally { Console.WriteLine( "After service call" ); } } } |
修改全局攔截器注冊:
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services.AddAspectCore(config => { config.InterceptorFactories.AddTyped<CustomInterceptorAttribute>(args: new object [] { "custom" }); }); |
作為服務的全局攔截器。在ConfigureServices中添加:
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services.AddTransient<CustomInterceptorAttribute>(provider => new CustomInterceptorAttribute( "service" )); |
修改全局攔截器注冊:
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services.AddAspectCore(config => { config.InterceptorFactories.AddServiced<CustomInterceptorAttribute>(); }); |
作用于特定Service或Method的全局攔截器,下面的代碼演示了作用于帶有Service后綴的類的全局攔截器:
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services.AddAspectCore(config => { config.InterceptorFactories.AddTyped<CustomInterceptorAttribute>(method => method.DeclaringType.Name.EndsWith( "Service" )); }); |
使用通配符的特定全局攔截器:
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services.AddAspectCore(config => { config.InterceptorFactories.AddTyped<CustomInterceptorAttribute>(PredicateFactory.ForService( "*Service" )); }); |
在AspectCore中提供NonAspectAttribute來使得Service或Method不被代理:
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[NonAspect] public interface ICustomService { void Call(); } |
同時支持全局忽略配置,亦支持通配符:
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services.AddAspectCore(config => { //App1命名空間下的Service不會被代理 config.NonAspectOptions.AddNamespace( "App1" ); //最后一級為App1的命名空間下的Service不會被代理 config.NonAspectOptions.AddNamespace( "*.App1" ); //ICustomService接口不會被代理 config.NonAspectOptions.AddService( "ICustomService" ); //后綴為Service的接口和類不會被代理 config.NonAspectOptions.AddService( "*Service" ); //命名為Query的方法不會被代理 config.NonAspectOptions.AddMethod( "Query" ); //后綴為Query的方法不會被代理 config.NonAspectOptions.AddMethod( "*Query" ); }); |
攔截器中的依賴注入。在攔截器中支持屬性注入,構造器注入和服務定位器模式。
屬性注入,在攔截器中擁有public get and set權限的屬性標記[AspectCore.Abstractions.FromServices
](區別于Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.FromServices
)特性,即可自動注入該屬性,如:
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public class CustomInterceptorAttribute : InterceptorAttribute { [AspectCore.Abstractions.FromServices] public ILogger<CustomInterceptorAttribute> Logger { get ; set ; } public override Task Invoke(AspectContext context, AspectDelegate next) { Logger.LogInformation( "call interceptor" ); return next(context); } } |
構造器注入需要使攔截器作為Service,除全局攔截器外,仍可使用ServiceInterceptor使攔截器從DI中激活:
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public interface ICustomService { [ServiceInterceptor( typeof (CustomInterceptorAttribute))] void Call(); } |
服務定位器模式。攔截器上下文AspectContext可以獲取當前Scoped的ServiceProvider:
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public class CustomInterceptorAttribute : InterceptorAttribute { public override Task Invoke(AspectContext context, AspectDelegate next) { var logger = context.ServiceProvider.GetService<ILogger<CustomInterceptorAttribute>>(); logger.LogInformation( "call interceptor" ); return next(context); } } |
使用Autofac和AspectCore。AspectCore原生支持集成Autofac,我們需要安裝下面兩個nuget packages:
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PM> Install-Package Autofac.Extensions.DependencyInjection PM> Install-Package AspectCore.Extensions.Autofac |
AspectCore提供RegisterAspectCore擴展方法在Autofac的Container中注冊動態代理需要的服務,并提供AsInterfacesProxy和AsClassProxy擴展方法啟用interface和class的代理。修改ConfigureServices方法為:
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public IServiceProvider ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services) { services.AddMvc(); var container = new ContainerBuilder(); container.RegisterAspectCore(); container.Populate(services); container.RegisterType<CustomService>().As<ICustomService>().InstancePerDependency().AsInterfacesProxy(); return new AutofacServiceProvider(container.Build()); } |
有問題反饋
如果您有任何問題,請提交 Issue 給我們。
AspectCore Project 項目地址: https://github.com/aspectcore
以上所述是小編給大家介紹的Asp.Net Core輕量級Aop解決方案:AspectCore,希望對大家有所幫助,如果大家有任何疑問請給我留言,小編會及時回復大家的。在此也非常感謝大家對服務器之家網站的支持!
原文鏈接:http://www.cnblogs.com/liuhaoyang/p/aspectcore-introduction-1.html