前言
本文主要介紹的是關于.NET Core單文件發布靜態編譯AOT CoreRT,將.NET Core應用打包成一個可執行文件并包含運行時。
支持Windows, MacOS and Linux x64 w/ RyuJIT codegen。
示例項目:
https://github.com/dotnet/corert/tree/master/samples/WebApi
下面來實際體驗。
首先確保安裝C++編譯環境,以及.NET Core 2.0 以上版本SDK。
新建WebAPI應用
打開命令提示符,輸入如下:
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dotnet new webapi -o zeroapi cd zeroapi |
新建WebAPI應用。
添加CoreRT到項目
目前CoreRT還是alpha版,在myget上有包。
首先添加一個nuget.config
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dotnet new nuget |
然后在 <packageSources>
節點添加如下:
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< add key = "dotnet-core" value = "https://dotnet.myget.org/F/dotnet-core/api/v3/index.json" /> < add key = "nuget.org" value = "https://api.nuget.org/v3/index.json" protocolVersion = "3" /> |
接著添加Microsoft.DotNet.ILCompiler包引用:
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dotnet add package Microsoft.DotNet.ILCompiler -v 1.0.0-alpha-* |
替換默認services并處理反射
打開Startup.cs ,將 services.AddMvc();
替換成 services.AddMvcCore().AddJsonFormatters();
接著創建一個rd.xml 配置文件,用于反射處理運行時,確保反射程序集編譯到程序中。
rd.xml配置文件如下:
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< Directives > < Application > < Assembly Name = "zeroapi" Dynamic = "Required All" /> < Assembly Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Core" > < Type Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Core.KestrelServer" Dynamic = "Required All" /> < Type Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Core.Internal.KestrelServerOptionsSetup" Dynamic = "Required All" /> </ Assembly > < Assembly Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel" Dynamic = "Required All" /> < Assembly Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Transport.Libuv" > < Type Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Transport.Libuv.LibuvTransportFactory" Dynamic = "Required All" /> < Type Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Transport.Libuv.LibuvTransportOptions" Dynamic = "Required All" /> </ Assembly > < Assembly Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection" Dynamic = "Required All" > < Type Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.DefaultServiceProviderFactory" Dynamic = "Required All" /> < Type Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.CallSiteExpressionBuilder" Dynamic = "Required All" /> < Type Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.CallSiteRuntimeResolver" Dynamic = "Required All" /> < Type Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.CallSiteValidator" Dynamic = "Required All" /> </ Assembly > < Assembly Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.Options" > < Type Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.Options.OptionsManager`1[[Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Core.KestrelServerOptions,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Core]]" Dynamic = "Required All" /> < Type Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.Options.OptionsFactory`1[[Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Core.KestrelServerOptions,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Core]]" Dynamic = "Required All" /> < Type Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.Options.OptionsMonitor`1[[Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Console.ConsoleLoggerOptions,Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Console]]" Dynamic = "Required All" /> </ Assembly > < Assembly Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Core" Dynamic = "Required All" /> < Assembly Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Routing" > < Type Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Routing.Internal.RoutingMarkerService" Dynamic = "Required All" /> < Type Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder.RouterMiddleware" Dynamic = "Required All" /> < Type Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Routing.Tree.TreeRouteBuilder" Dynamic = "Required All" /> < Type Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Routing.DefaultInlineConstraintResolver" Dynamic = "Required All" /> < Type Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Routing.RouteOptions" Dynamic = "Required All" /> </ Assembly > < Assembly Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Formatters.Json" > < Type Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Formatters.Json.Internal.MvcJsonMvcOptionsSetup" Dynamic = "Required All" /> < Type Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.MvcJsonOptions" Dynamic = "Required All" /> </ Assembly > < Assembly Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization" > < Type Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization.DefaultAuthorizationPolicyProvider" Dynamic = "Required All" /> < Type Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization.AuthorizationOptions" Dynamic = "Required All" /> </ Assembly > < Assembly Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http" > < Type Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.HttpContextFactory" Dynamic = "Required All" /> </ Assembly > < Assembly Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting" Dynamic = "Required All" > < Type Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting.Internal.ApplicationLifetime" Dynamic = "Required All" /> </ Assembly > < Assembly Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Abstractions" > < Type Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Logger`1[[Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting.Internal.WebHost,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting]]" Dynamic = "Required All" /> </ Assembly > < Assembly Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.Logging" > < Type Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.LoggerFactory" Dynamic = "Required All" /> </ Assembly > < Assembly Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Console" > < Type Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Console.ConsoleLoggerOptions" Dynamic = "Required All" /> < Type Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Console.ConsoleLoggerProvider" Dynamic = "Required All" /> </ Assembly > < Assembly Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Debug" > < Type Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Debug.DebugLogger" Dynamic = "Required All" /> < Type Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Debug.DebugLoggerProvider" Dynamic = "Required All" /> </ Assembly > < Assembly Name = "System.Linq.Expressions" > < Type Name = "System.Linq.Expressions.ExpressionCreator`1[[Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization.ObjectConstructor`1[[System.Object,System.Private.CoreLib]],Newtonsoft.Json]]" Dynamic = "Required All" /> < Type Name = "System.Linq.Expressions.ExpressionCreator`1[[System.Func`2[[System.Object,System.Private.CoreLib],[System.Object,System.Private.CoreLib]],System.Private.CoreLib]]" Dynamic = "Required All" /> </ Assembly > < Assembly Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.ObjectPool" > < Type Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.ObjectPool.DefaultObjectPoolProvider" Dynamic = "Required All" /> </ Assembly > < Assembly Name = "Newtonsoft.Json" > < Type Name = "Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization.ObjectConstructor`1[[System.Object,System.Private.CoreLib]]" Dynamic = "Required All" /> </ Assembly > < Assembly Name = "System.ComponentModel.TypeConverter" > < Type Name = "System.ComponentModel.TypeConverter" Dynamic = "Required All" /> < Type Name = "System.ComponentModel.StringConverter" Dynamic = "Required All" /> < Type Name = "System.ComponentModel.Int32Converter" Dynamic = "Required All" /> </ Assembly > < Assembly Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Json" > < Type Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Json.JsonConfigurationSource" Dynamic = "Required All" /> </ Assembly > </ Application > </ Directives > |
其中如果你要替換成自己的程序,更改 <Assembly Name="zeroapi" Dynamic="Required All" />
中的Name。
打開zeroapi.csproj
在<PropertyGroup>
節點下將 <RdXmlFile>rd.xml</RdXmlFile>
加入。
接著將 <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.All" Version="2.0.3" />
替換成如下:
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< PackageReference Include = "Microsoft.AspNetCore" Version = "2.0.1" /> < PackageReference Include = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Core" Version = "2.0.1" /> < PackageReference Include = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Formatters.Json" Version = "2.0.1" /> |
接著將 ValuesController 更改一下,確保功能正常,如下:
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public class ValuesController { [HttpGet( "/" )] public string Hello() => "Hello World! LineZero AOT" ; // GET api/values [HttpGet( "/api/values" )] public IEnumerable< string > Get() { return new string [] { "AOT" , "CoreRT" }; } // GET api/values/5 [HttpGet( "/api/values/{id}" )] public string Get( int id) { return "Your value is " + id; } } |
程序改造完成,接著最重要的發布。
還原并發布
發布之前,使用dotnet run 確保功能正常運行。
發布請打開 x64 Native Tools Command Prompt for VS 2017 ,注意一定在此命令行發布。在開始菜單找到 Visual Studio 2017,打開就能找到。
發布命令還是 dotnet publish -r <RID> -c <Configuration>
這里發布Windows 64位 dotnet publish -r win-x64 -c release
,初次的話會默認還原對應的包,需要一些時間。
發布完成后,打開bin\x64\release\netcoreapp2.0\win-x64\publish 文件夾,里面zeroapi.exe即為最終文件,執行即可。
可以看到最終大小為21m左右。然后訪問http://localhost:5000/ 如圖:
控制臺Demo
新建一個控制臺應用,使用AOT發布。
單純控制臺,沒有反射的內容,無需要rd.xml 文件。
代碼如下:
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class Program { static void Main( string [] args) { Console.WriteLine( "Hello World!" ); Console.WriteLine( "LineZero AOT Demo!" ); Console.ReadKey(); } } |
最終 dotnet publish -r win-x64 -c release
發布
最終單個文件大小不到4m!
目前該技術還是早期版本,期待微軟最終帶到正式版。
GitHub:https://github.com/dotnet/corert
總結
以上就是這篇文章的全部內容了,希望本文的內容對大家的學習或者工作具有一定的參考學習價值,如果有疑問大家可以留言交流,謝謝大家對服務器之家的支持。
原文鏈接:https://www.cnblogs.com/linezero/p/CoreRT.html