這篇文章主要介紹了SpringMVC-統一異常處理三種方法詳解,文中通過示例代碼介紹的非常詳細,對大家的學習或者工作具有一定的參考學習價值,需要的朋友可以參考下
在 Spring MVC 應用的開發中,不管是對底層數據庫操作,還是業務層或控制層操作,都會不可避免地遇到各種可預知的、不可預知的異常需要處理。
如果每個過程都單獨處理異常,那么系統的代碼耦合度高,工作量大且不好統一,以后維護的工作量也很大。
如果能將所有類型的異常處理從各層中解耦出來,這樣既保證了相關處理過程的功能單一,又實現了異常信息的統一處理和維護。
幸運的是,Spring MVC 框架支持這樣的實現。Spring MVC 統一異常處理有以下 3 種方式:
- 使用 Spring MVC 提供的簡單異常處理器 SimpleMappingExceptionResolver。
- 實現 Spring 的異常處理接口 HandlerExceptionResolver 自定義自己的異常處理器。
- 使用 @ExceptionHandler 注解實現異常處理
本節主要根據這 3 種處理方式講解 Spring MVC 應用的異常統一處理。
Spring MVC使用SimpleMappingExceptionResolver類異常處理
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring一beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!-- 使用掃描機制掃描包 --> < context:component-scan base-package = "controller" /> < context:component-scan base-package = "service" /> < context:component-scan base-package = "dao" /> <!-- 配置視圖解析器 --> < bean class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id = "internalResourceViewResolver" > <!--前綴 --> < property name = "prefix" value = "/WEB-INF/jsp/" /> <!-- 后綴 --> < property name = "suffix" value = ".jsp" /> </ bean > <!--SimpleMappingExceptionResolver(異常類與 View 的對應關系) --> < bean class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver" > <!-- 定義默認的異常處理頁面,當該異常類型注冊時使用 --> < property name = "defaultErrorView" value = "error" ></ property > <!-- 定義異常處理頁面用來獲取異常信息的變量名,默認名為exception --> < property name = "exceptionAttribute" value = "ex" ></ property > <!-- 定義需要特殊處理的異常,用類名或完全路徑名作為key,異常頁名作為值 --> < property name = "exceptionMappings" > < props > < prop key = "exception.MyException" >my-error</ prop > < prop key = "java.sql.SQLException" >sql-error</ prop > <!-- 在這里還可以繼續擴展對不同異常類型的處理 --> </ props > </ property > </ bean > </ beans > |
Spring MVC使用HandlerExceptionResolver接口異常處理
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package exception; import java.sql.SQLException; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExceptionResolver; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; public class MyExceptionHandler implements HandlerExceptionResolver { @Override public ModelAndView resolveException(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1, Object arg2, Exception arg3) { Map<String, Object> model = new HashMap<String, Object>(); model.put( "ex" , arg3); // 根據不同錯誤轉向不同頁面(統一處理),即異常與View的對應關系 if (arg3 instanceof MyException) { return new ModelAndView( "my-error" , model); } else if (arg3 instanceof SQLException) { return new ModelAndView( "sql-error" , model); } else { return new ModelAndView( "error" , model); } } } |
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring一beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!-- 使用掃描機制掃描包 --> < context:component-scan base-package = "controller" /> < context:component-scan base-package = "service" /> < context:component-scan base-package = "dao" /> <!-- 配置視圖解析器 --> < bean class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id = "internalResourceViewResolver" > <!--前綴 --> < property name = "prefix" value = "/WEB-INF/jsp/" /> <!-- 后綴 --> < property name = "suffix" value = ".jsp" /> </ bean > <!--托管MyExceptionHandler--> < bean class = "exception.MyExceptionHandler" /> </ beans > |
Spring MVC使用@ExceptionHandler注解異常處理
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package controller; import java.sql.SQLException; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler; import exception.MyException; public class BaseController { /** 基于@ExceptionHandler異常處理 */ @ExceptionHandler public String exception(HttpServletRequest request, Exception ex) { request.setAttribute( "ex" , ex); // 根據不同錯誤轉向不同頁面,即異常與view的對應關系 if (ex instanceof SQLException) { return "sql-error" ; } else if (ex instanceof MyException) { return "my-error" ; } else { return "error" ; } } } |
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring一beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!-- 使用掃描機制掃描包 --> < context:component-scan base-package = "controller" /> < context:component-scan base-package = "service" /> < context:component-scan base-package = "dao" /> <!-- 配置視圖解析器 --> < bean class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id = "internalResourceViewResolver" > <!--前綴 --> < property name = "prefix" value = "/WEB-INF/jsp/" /> <!-- 后綴 --> < property name = "suffix" value = ".jsp" /> </ bean > </ beans > |
以上就是本文的全部內容,希望對大家的學習有所幫助,也希望大家多多支持服務器之家。
原文鏈接:https://www.cnblogs.com/lowerma/p/11836595.html