注意：備份文件和二進(jìn)制日志文件不能與mysql放在同一磁盤下
節(jié)點(diǎn)1
1、節(jié)點(diǎn)1上修改mysql配置文件，開起二進(jìn)制日志保存
這里我將二進(jìn)制日志放在/data/mysql/目錄下，/data/是我創(chuàng)建的另外一個(gè)lvm磁盤，本來想直接放在/data/下，發(fā)現(xiàn)無法啟動(dòng)mysql，所以建議還是放在/data/mysql中
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[root@node1 ~]# mkdir -pv /data/mysql/[root@node1 ~]# chown mysql:mysql /data/*[root@node1 mysql]# cd /var/lib/mysql[root@node1 mysql]# cp -a mysql-bin.000001 mysql-bin.000002 mysql-bin.index /data/mysql/[root@node1 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf [server] log_bin=/data/mysql/mysql-bin[root@node1 ~]# service mariadb restart |
2、查看二進(jìn)制日志的一些信息
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[root@node1 ~]# mysql MariaDB [(none)]> show master logs; +------------------+-----------+ | Log_name | File_size | +------------------+-----------+ | mysql-bin.000001 | 264 | | mysql-bin.000002 | 245 | +------------------+-----------+ |
3、查看表的存儲(chǔ)引擎類型并備份
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MariaDB [hellodb]> show table status\G; |
如果engine是myisam則備份方案如下，需要對(duì)鎖表后操作
[root@node1 ~]# mysqldump -uroot --lock-tables --master-data=2 --flush-logs --databases hellodb > /root/hellodb_myis.sql
如果engine是innodb則備份方案如下
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[root@node1 ~]# mysqldump -uroot --single-transaction --master-data=2 --flush-logs --databases hellodb > /root/hellodb_inno.sql--single-transaction：熱備--master-data=2：記錄為注釋的CHANGE MASTER TO語句--flush-logs：日志滾動(dòng) |
批量修改表的存儲(chǔ)引擎【將得到的結(jié)果一次執(zhí)行即可修改，不建議直接在mysql中修改】
MariaDB [hellodb]> SELECT CONCAT('ALTER TABLE ',table_name,' ENGINE=InnoDB;') FROM information_schema.tables WHERE table_schema='hellodb' AND ENGINE='myisam';
4、修改表內(nèi)數(shù)據(jù)
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MariaDB [(none)]> use hellodb;MariaDB [hellodb]> insert into students (Name,Age,Gender,ClassID,TeacherID) values ('caocao',99,'M',6,8);MariaDB [hellodb]> delete from students where stuid=3; |
5、復(fù)制備份文件到另一節(jié)點(diǎn)
[root@node1 ~]# scp hellodb_inno.sql 192.168.1.114:/root/
節(jié)點(diǎn)2
6、在另一個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行mysql恢復(fù)
修改節(jié)點(diǎn)2的配置文件
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[root@node2 ~]# mkdir -pv /data/mysql[root@node2 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf [mysqld] log_bin=/data/mysql/mysql-bin[root@node2 ~]# chown mysql:mysql /data/*[root@node2 ~]# chown mysql:mysql /data[root@node2 ~]# service mariadb start |
還原備份文件
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[root@node2 ~]# mysql < /root/hellodb_inno.sql[root@node2 ~]# less hellodb_inno.sql -- CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000002', MASTER_LOG_POS=245; |
根據(jù)表中的顯示，在備份那一刻，二進(jìn)制日志mysql-bin.000002，操作到了245
7、在節(jié)點(diǎn)2上恢復(fù)二進(jìn)制日志
在節(jié)點(diǎn)1上將245之后的二進(jìn)制日志文件轉(zhuǎn)換為sql文件
[root@node1 ~]# mysqlbinlog --start-position=245 /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.000002 > binlog.sql
復(fù)制給節(jié)點(diǎn)2
[root@node1 ~]# scp binlog.sql 192.168.1.114:/root/
利用剛才生產(chǎn)的sql文件來恢復(fù)備份之后操作的內(nèi)容
[root@node2 ~]# mysql < /root/binlog.sql
8、查看恢復(fù)情況
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[root@node2 ~]# mysqlMariaDB [(none)]> use hellodb;MariaDB [hellodb]> select * from students;+-------+---------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+| StuID | Name | Age | Gender | ClassID | TeacherID |+-------+---------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+| 1 | Shi Zhongyu | 22 | M | 2 | 3 || 2 | Shi Potian | 22 | M | 1 | 7 || 4 | Ding Dian | 32 | M | 4 | 4 || 5 | Yu Yutong | 26 | M | 3 | 1 || 6 | Shi Qing | 46 | M | 5 | NULL || 7 | Xi Ren | 19 | F | 3 | NULL || 8 | Lin Daiyu | 17 | F | 7 | NULL || 9 | Ren Yingying | 20 | F | 6 | NULL || 10 | Yue Lingshan | 19 | F | 3 | NULL || 11 | Yuan Chengzhi | 23 | M | 6 | NULL || 12 | Wen Qingqing | 19 | F | 1 | NULL || 13 | Tian Boguang | 33 | M | 2 | NULL || 14 | Lu Wushuang | 17 | F | 3 | NULL || 15 | Duan Yu | 19 | M | 4 | NULL || 16 | Xu Zhu | 21 | M | 1 | NULL || 17 | Lin Chong | 25 | M | 4 | NULL || 18 | Hua Rong | 23 | M | 7 | NULL || 19 | Xue Baochai | 18 | F | 6 | NULL || 20 | Diao Chan | 19 | F | 7 | NULL || 21 | Huang Yueying | 22 | F | 6 | NULL || 22 | Xiao Qiao | 20 | F | 1 | NULL || 23 | Ma Chao | 23 | M | 4 | NULL || 24 | Xu Xian | 27 | M | NULL | NULL || 25 | Sun Dasheng | 100 | M | NULL | NULL || 26 | caocao | 99 | M | 6 | 8 |+-------+---------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+ |
