MyBatis多數據源配置(讀寫分離)
首先說明,本文的配置使用的最直接的方式,實際用起來可能會很麻煩。
實際應用中可能存在多種結合的情況,你可以理解本文的含義,不要死板的使用。
多數據源的可能情況
1.主從
通常是MySQL一主多從的情況,本文的例子就是主從的情況,但是只有兩個數據源,所以采用直接配置不會太麻煩,但是不利于后續擴展,主要是作為一個例子來說明,實際操作請慎重考慮。
2.分庫
當業務獨立性強,數據量大的時候的,為了提高并發,可能會對表進行分庫,分庫后,每一個數據庫都需要配置一個數據源。
這種情況可以參考本文,但是需要注意每一個數據庫對應的Mapper要在不同的包下方便區分和配置。
另外分庫的情況下也會存在主從的情況,如果你的數據庫從庫過多,就參考上面提供的方法,或者尋找其他方式解決。
Mapper分包
分庫的情況下,不同的數據庫的Mapper一定放在不同的包下。
主從的情況下,同一個Mapper會同時存在讀寫的情況,創建兩個并不合適,使用同一個即可。但是這種情況下需要注意,Spring對Mapper自動生成的名字是相同的,而且類型也相同,這是就不能直接注入Mapper接口。需要通過SqlSession來解決。
Spring基礎配置
applicationContext.xml
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< beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd"> < context:component-scan base-package = "com.isea533.mybatis.service" /> < context:property-placeholder location = "classpath:config.properties" /> < aop:aspectj-autoproxy /> < import resource = "spring-datasource-master.xml" /> < import resource = "spring-datasource-slave.xml" /> </ beans > |
這個文件,主要是引入了spring-datasource-master.xml和spring-datasource-slave.xml。
spring-datasource-master.xml
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< beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:aop = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd"> < bean id = "dataSourceMaster" class = "com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" init-method = "init" destroy-method = "close" > < property name = "driverClassName" value = "${master.jdbc.driverClass}" /> < property name = "url" value = "${master.jdbc.url}" /> < property name = "username" value = "${master.jdbc.user}" /> < property name = "password" value = "${master.jdbc.password}" /> < property name = "filters" value = "stat" /> < property name = "maxActive" value = "20" /> < property name = "initialSize" value = "1" /> < property name = "maxWait" value = "60000" /> < property name = "minIdle" value = "1" /> < property name = "timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value = "60000" /> < property name = "minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value = "300000" /> < property name = "validationQuery" value = "SELECT 'x'" /> < property name = "testWhileIdle" value = "true" /> < property name = "testOnBorrow" value = "false" /> < property name = "testOnReturn" value = "false" /> </ bean > < bean id = "sqlSessionFactory1" class = "org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean" > < property name = "dataSource" ref = "dataSourceMaster" /> < property name = "mapperLocations" > < array > < value >classpath:mapper/*.xml</ value > </ array > </ property > </ bean > < bean class = "org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer" > < property name = "basePackage" value = "com.isea533.mybatis.mapper" /> < property name = "sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value = "sqlSessionFactory1" /> </ bean > < bean id = "sqlSessionMaster" class = "org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate" scope = "prototype" > < constructor-arg index = "0" ref = "sqlSessionFactory1" /> </ bean > < aop:config > < aop:pointcut id = "appService" expression = "execution(* com.isea533.mybatis.service..*Service*.*(..))" /> < aop:advisor advice-ref = "txAdvice1" pointcut-ref = "appService" /> </ aop:config > < tx:advice id = "txAdvice1" transaction-manager = "transactionManager1" > < tx:attributes > < tx:method name = "select*" read-only = "true" /> < tx:method name = "find*" read-only = "true" /> < tx:method name = "get*" read-only = "true" /> < tx:method name = "*" /> </ tx:attributes > </ tx:advice > < bean id = "transactionManager1" class = "org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager" > < property name = "dataSource" ref = "dataSourceMaster" /> </ bean > </ beans > |
spring-datasource-slave.xml
和master區別不大,主要是id名字和數據源配置有區別。
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< beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:aop = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd"> < bean id = "dataSourceSlave" class = "com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" init-method = "init" destroy-method = "close" > < property name = "driverClassName" value = "${slave.jdbc.driverClass}" /> < property name = "url" value = "${slave.jdbc.url}" /> < property name = "username" value = "${slave.jdbc.user}" /> < property name = "password" value = "${slave.jdbc.password}" /> < property name = "filters" value = "stat" /> < property name = "maxActive" value = "20" /> < property name = "initialSize" value = "1" /> < property name = "maxWait" value = "60000" /> < property name = "minIdle" value = "1" /> < property name = "timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value = "60000" /> < property name = "minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value = "300000" /> < property name = "validationQuery" value = "SELECT 'x'" /> < property name = "testWhileIdle" value = "true" /> < property name = "testOnBorrow" value = "false" /> < property name = "testOnReturn" value = "false" /> </ bean > < bean id = "sqlSessionFactory2" class = "org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean" > < property name = "dataSource" ref = "dataSourceSlave" /> < property name = "mapperLocations" > < array > < value >classpath:mapper/*.xml</ value > </ array > </ property > </ bean > < bean class = "org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer" > < property name = "basePackage" value = "com.isea533.mybatis.mapper" /> < property name = "sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value = "sqlSessionFactory2" /> </ bean > < bean id = "sqlSessionSlave" class = "org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate" scope = "prototype" > < constructor-arg index = "0" ref = "sqlSessionFactory2" /> </ bean > < aop:config > < aop:pointcut id = "appService" expression = "execution(* com.isea533.mybatis.service..*Service*.*(..))" /> < aop:advisor advice-ref = "txAdvice2" pointcut-ref = "appService" /> </ aop:config > < tx:advice id = "txAdvice2" transaction-manager = "transactionManager2" > < tx:attributes > < tx:method name = "*" read-only = "true" /> </ tx:attributes > </ tx:advice > < bean id = "transactionManager2" class = "org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager" > < property name = "dataSource" ref = "dataSourceSlave" /> </ bean > </ beans > |
這里需要注意<tx:method name="*" read-only="true"/>是只讀的。如果不是從庫,可以按主庫進行配置。
在下面代碼中:
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< bean class = "org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer" > < property name = "basePackage" value = "com.isea533.mybatis.mapper" /> < property name = "sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value = "sqlSessionFactory2" /> </ bean > |
必須通過sqlSessionFactoryBeanName來指定不同的sqlSessionFactory。
config.properties
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# 數據庫配置 - Master master.jdbc.driverClass = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver master.jdbc.url = jdbc:mysql: //192.168.1.11:3306/test master.jdbc.user = root master.jdbc.password = jj # - Slave slave.jdbc.driverClass = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver slave.jdbc.url = jdbc:mysql: //192.168.1.22:3306/test slave.jdbc.user = root slave.jdbc.password = jj |
使用Mapper
這里是針對主從的情況進行設置的,兩個配置掃描的Mapper是一樣的,所以沒法直接注入,需要通過下面的麻煩方式注入。
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@Service public class DemoService { private CountryMapper writeMapper; private CountryMapper readMapper; @Resource (name = "sqlSessionMaster" ) public void setWriteMapper(SqlSession sqlSession) { this .writeMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(CountryMapper. class ); } @Resource (name = "sqlSessionSlave" ) public void setReadMapper(SqlSession sqlSession) { this .readMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(CountryMapper. class ); } public int save(Country country){ return writeMapper.insert(country); } public List<Country> selectPage( int pageNum, int pageSize) { PageHelper.startPage(pageNum, pageSize); return readMapper.select( null ); } } |
因為sqlSession能通過name區分開,所以這里從sqlSession獲取Mapper。
另外如果需要考慮在同一個事務中寫讀的時候,需要使用相同的writeMapper,這樣在讀的時候,才能獲取事務中的最新數據。
以上是主從的情況。
在分庫的情況時,由于不同Mapper在不同的包下,所以可以直接使用@Resource或者@Autowired注入Mapper,不需要通過sqlSession獲取。
本篇文章,只是一個多數據源的參考,實際應用時,請根據自己的情況進行考慮。
后續,我會利用業余時間,在本文和上面兩個相關鏈接的基礎上,針對MySql多數據源,嘗試開發可以自動切換數據源的插件,因為我對這方面的實際應用不是很熟,所以歡迎大家留言分享自己的解決方案,對這些了解的越多,就越有可能開發出通用的數據源切換插件。
以上就是本文的全部內容,希望對大家的學習有所幫助,也希望大家多多支持服務器之家。
原文鏈接:http://blog.csdn.net/isea533/article/details/46815385