在學習 Spring Mvc 過程中，有必要來先了解幾個關鍵參數：
@Controller：
在類上注解，則此類將編程一個控制器，在項目啟動 Spring 將自動掃描此類，并進行對應URL路由映射。
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@Controllerpublic class UserAction{ } |
@RequestMapping
指定URL映射路徑，如果在控制器上配置 RequestMapping ，具體請求方法也配置路徑則映射的路徑為兩者路徑的疊加 常用映射如:RequestMapping("url.html")
配置映射路徑：
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@Controllerpublic class UserAction { @RequestMapping(value = "/get_alluser.html") public ModelAndView GetAllUser(String Id) { }} |
以上配置映射
http://***:8080:web1/get_alluser.html：
如在 @Controller添加 @RequestMapping(value = "/user"),則映射路徑變成
http://***:8080:web1/user/get_alluser.html
@ResponseBody
將注解方法對應的字符串直接返回
@RequestParam
自動映射URL對應的參數到Action上面的數值，RequestParam 默認為必填參數。
@PathVariable
獲取@RequestMapping 配置指定格式的URL映射參數
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/* * 直接輸出 HTML，或JSON 字符串 * 請求路徑: * /web1/urlinfo/getcontent.html?key=rhythmk * /web1/urlinfo/getcontent.json?key=rhythmk * */ @ResponseBody @RequestMapping(value = "/getcontent.**") public String GetContent( @RequestParam("key") String key, @RequestParam(value = "key2", required = false, defaultValue = "defaultValue") String key2) { System.out.println("getcontent 被調用"); String result = "直接返回內容 - key:" + key + ",key2:" + key2; System.out.println(result); return result; } |
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/* * RequestMapping 支持 Ant 風格的URL配置 ： * 請求路徑： * /urlinfo/geturlant/config.html?key=adddd */ @ResponseBody @RequestMapping(value = "/geturlant/**.html") public String getUrlAnt(HttpServletRequest request) { String result = "?后面的參數為：" + request.getQueryString(); return result; } |
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/* * 配置指定格式的URL，映射到對應的參數 * 請求路徑：/web1/urlinfo/geturlparam/12_123.html * * */ @RequestMapping(value = "/geturlparam/{id}_{menuId}.html") public ModelAndView getUrlParam(@PathVariable("id") String id, @PathVariable("menuId") String menuId) { ModelAndView mode = new ModelAndView(ShowMsg); mode.addObject("msg", "獲取到的Id:" + id + ",menuId:" + menuId); return mode; } |
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/* * 只接收Post 請求 */@ResponseBody@RequestMapping(value = "/posturl.html", method = RequestMethod.POST)public String UrlMethod(@RequestParam String id) { return "只能是Post請求,獲取到的Id:" + id;} |
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/* * 寫入 cookie * */@RequestMapping("/writecookies.html")public ModelAndView writeCookies(@RequestParam String value, HttpServletResponse response) { response.addCookie(new Cookie("key", value)); ModelAndView mode = new ModelAndView(ShowMsg); mode.addObject("msg", "cookies 寫入成功"); return mode ;} |
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/* * 通過 @CookieValue 獲取對應的key的值 * */@RequestMapping("/getcookies.html")public ModelAndView getCookie(@CookieValue("key") String cookvalue) { ModelAndView mode = new ModelAndView(ShowMsg); mode.addObject("msg", "cookies=" + cookvalue); return mode;} |
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/* * 將 Servlet Api 作為參數傳入 * 可以在action中直接使用 HttpServletResponse，HttpServletRequest * */@RequestMapping("/servlet.html")public String Servlet1(HttpServletResponse response, HttpServletRequest request) { Boolean result = (request != null && response != null); ModelAndView mode = new ModelAndView(); mode.addObject("msg", "result=" + result.toString()); return ShowMsg;} |
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/* * 根據URL傳入的參數實例化對象 * * 如： http://127.0.0.1:8080/web1/urlinfo/getobject.html?UserId=1&UserName=ad * */@RequestMapping("getobject.html")public ModelAndView getObject(UserInfo user) { String result = "用戶ID：" + user.getUserId().toString() + ",用戶名:" + user.getUserName().toString(); ModelAndView mode = new ModelAndView(ShowMsg); mode.addObject("msg", "result=" + result.toString()); return mode;} |
實現頁面跳轉：
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/* * 實現頁面跳轉 * /web1/urlinfo/redirectpage.html * */@RequestMapping("/redirectpage.html")public String RedirectPage(){ return "redirect:getcookies.html?r=10"; } |
直接回傳JSON
請求的URL地址一定是以.json結尾，否則異常
Failed to load resource: the server responded with a status of 406 (Not Acceptable) ： The resource identified by this request is only capable of generating responses with characteristics not acceptable according to the request "accept" headers ()
回傳實體：
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@JsonSerialize(include = JsonSerialize.Inclusion.NON_NULL)public class UserInfo { private Integer UserId; public Integer getUserId() { return UserId; } public void setUserId(Integer userId) { UserId = userId; } public String getUserName() { return UserName; } public void setUserName(String userName) { UserName = userName; } private String UserName; } |
回傳 action
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@ResponseBody @RequestMapping("/getuser.json") public UserInfo GetUser() { System.out.println("getuser"); UserInfo model=new UserInfo(); model.setUserId(100); model.setUserName("王坤"); return model; } |
請求：
/web1/urlinfo/getuser.json
輸出：
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{"userId":100,"userName":"王坤"} |
以上就是本文的全部內容，希望對大家的學習有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持服務器之家。
