MySQL 與 Elasticsearch 數(shù)據(jù)不對稱問題解決辦法
jdbc-input-plugin 只能實現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)庫的追加，對于 elasticsearch 增量寫入，但經(jīng)常jdbc源一端的數(shù)據(jù)庫可能會做數(shù)據(jù)庫刪除或者更新操作。這樣一來數(shù)據(jù)庫與搜索引擎的數(shù)據(jù)庫就出現(xiàn)了不對稱的情況。
當(dāng)然你如果有開發(fā)團隊可以寫程序在刪除或者更新的時候同步對搜索引擎操作。如果你沒有這個能力，可以嘗試下面的方法。
這里有一個數(shù)據(jù)表 article , mtime 字段定義了 ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP 所以每次更新mtime的時間都會變化
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mysql> desc article;+-------------+--------------+------+-----+--------------------------------+-------+| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |+-------------+--------------+------+-----+--------------------------------+-------+| id | int(11) | NO | | 0 | || title | mediumtext | NO | | NULL | || description | mediumtext | YES | | NULL | || author | varchar(100) | YES | | NULL | || source | varchar(100) | YES | | NULL | || content | longtext | YES | | NULL | || status | enum('Y','N')| NO | | 'N' | || ctime | timestamp | NO | | CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | || mtime | timestamp | YES | | ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | |+-------------+--------------+------+-----+--------------------------------+-------+7 rows in set (0.00 sec) |
logstash 增加 mtime 的查詢規(guī)則
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jdbc { jdbc_driver_library => "/usr/share/java/mysql-connector-java.jar" jdbc_driver_class => "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" jdbc_connection_string => "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/cms" jdbc_user => "cms" jdbc_password => "password" schedule => "* * * * *" #定時cron的表達式,這里是每分鐘執(zhí)行一次 statement => "select * from article where mtime > :sql_last_value" use_column_value => true tracking_column => "mtime" tracking_column_type => "timestamp" record_last_run => true last_run_metadata_path => "/var/tmp/article-mtime.last" } |
創(chuàng)建回收站表，這個事用于解決數(shù)據(jù)庫刪除，或者禁用 status = 'N' 這種情況的。
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CREATE TABLE `elasticsearch_trash` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL, `ctime` timestamp NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, PRIMARY KEY (`id`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 |
為 article 表創(chuàng)建觸發(fā)器
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CREATE DEFINER=`dba`@`%` TRIGGER `article_BEFORE_UPDATE` BEFORE UPDATE ON `article` FOR EACH ROWBEGIN -- 此處的邏輯是解決文章狀態(tài)變?yōu)?N 的時候，需要將搜索引擎中對應(yīng)的數(shù)據(jù)刪除。 IF NEW.status = 'N' THEN insert into elasticsearch_trash(id) values(OLD.id); END IF; -- 此處邏輯是修改狀態(tài)到 Y 的時候，方式elasticsearch_trash仍然存在該文章ID，導(dǎo)致誤刪除。所以需要刪除回收站中得回收記錄。 IF NEW.status = 'Y' THEN delete from elasticsearch_trash where id = OLD.id; END IF;ENDCREATE DEFINER=`dba`@`%` TRIGGER `article_BEFORE_DELETE` BEFORE DELETE ON `article` FOR EACH ROWBEGIN -- 此處邏輯是文章被刪除同事將改文章放入搜索引擎回收站。 insert into elasticsearch_trash(id) values(OLD.id);END |
接下來我們需要寫一個簡單地 Shell 每分鐘運行一次，從 elasticsearch_trash 數(shù)據(jù)表中取出數(shù)據(jù)，然后使用 curl 命令調(diào)用 elasticsearch restful 接口，刪除被收回的數(shù)據(jù)。
你還可以開發(fā)相關(guān)的程序，這里提供一個 Spring boot 定時任務(wù)例子。
實體
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package cn.netkiller.api.domain.elasticsearch;import java.util.Date;import javax.persistence.Column;import javax.persistence.Entity;import javax.persistence.Id;import javax.persistence.Table;@Entity@Tablepublic class ElasticsearchTrash { @Id private int id; @Column(columnDefinition = "TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP") private Date ctime; public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public Date getCtime() { return ctime; } public void setCtime(Date ctime) { this.ctime = ctime; }} |
倉庫
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package cn.netkiller.api.repository.elasticsearch;import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository;import com.example.api.domain.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchTrash;public interface ElasticsearchTrashRepository extends CrudRepository<ElasticsearchTrash, Integer>{} |
定時任務(wù)
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package cn.netkiller.api.schedule;import org.elasticsearch.action.delete.DeleteResponse;import org.elasticsearch.client.transport.TransportClient;import org.elasticsearch.rest.RestStatus;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import com.example.api.domain.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchTrash;import com.example.api.repository.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchTrashRepository;@Componentpublic class ScheduledTasks { private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ScheduledTasks.class); @Autowired private TransportClient client; @Autowired private ElasticsearchTrashRepository alasticsearchTrashRepository; public ScheduledTasks() { } @Scheduled(fixedRate = 1000 * 60) // 60秒運行一次調(diào)度任務(wù) public void cleanTrash() { for (ElasticsearchTrash elasticsearchTrash : alasticsearchTrashRepository.findAll()) { DeleteResponse response = client.prepareDelete("information", "article", elasticsearchTrash.getId() + "").get(); RestStatus status = response.status(); logger.info("delete {} {}", elasticsearchTrash.getId(), status.toString()); if (status == RestStatus.OK || status == RestStatus.NOT_FOUND) { alasticsearchTrashRepository.delete(elasticsearchTrash); } } }} |
Spring boot 啟動主程序。
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package cn.netkiller.api;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;@SpringBootApplication@EnableSchedulingpublic class Application { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args); }} |
以上就是MySQL 與 Elasticsearch 數(shù)據(jù)不對稱問題解決辦法的講解，如有疑問請留言或者到本站社區(qū)交流討論，感謝閱讀，希望能幫助到大家，謝謝大家對本站的支持！
原文鏈接：https://my.oschina.net/neochen/blog/1518679
