一、 Sharding-jdbc簡介
Sharding-jdbc是開源的數據庫操作中間件；定位為輕量級Java框架，在Java的JDBC層提供的額外服務。它使用客戶端直連數據庫，以jar包形式提供服務，無需額外部署和依賴，可理解為增強版的JDBC驅動，完全兼容JDBC和各種ORM框架。
官方文檔地址：https://shardingsphere.apache.org/document/current/cn/overview/
本文demo實現了分庫分表功能。如有錯誤，歡迎各位在評論中指出。不勝感激！
二、項目結構
首先創建一個一般的Spring boot項目，項目采用三層架構，結構圖如下：
POM.xml文件如下：
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.1.6.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <groupId>com.macky</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-shardingjdbc</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>spring-boot-shardingjdbc</name> <description>Demo project for spring-boot-shardingjdbc</description> <properties> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!--mysql--> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> <!--Mybatis-Plus--> <dependency> <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>3.1.1</version> </dependency> <!--shardingsphere start--> <!-- for spring boot --> <dependency> <groupId>io.shardingsphere</groupId> <artifactId>sharding-jdbc-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> </dependency> <!-- for spring namespace --> <dependency> <groupId>io.shardingsphere</groupId> <artifactId>sharding-jdbc-spring-namespace</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> </dependency> <!--shardingsphere end--> <!--lombok--> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project> |
實體類以書本為例
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package com.macky.springbootshardingjdbc.entity; import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableName;import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.activerecord.Model;import groovy.transform.EqualsAndHashCode;import lombok.Data;import lombok.experimental.Accessors; /** * @author Macky * @Title class Book * @Description: 書籍是實體類 * @date 2019/7/13 15:23 */@Data@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = true)@Accessors(chain = true)@TableName("book")public class Book extends Model<Book> { private int id; private String name; private int count;} |
開放保存和查詢兩個接口，代碼如下：
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package com.macky.springbootshardingjdbc.controller; import com.macky.springbootshardingjdbc.entity.Book;import com.macky.springbootshardingjdbc.service.BookService;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*; import java.util.List; /** * @author Macky * @Title class BookController * @Description: TODO * @date 2019/7/12 20:53 */@RestControllerpublic class BookController { @Autowired BookService bookService; @RequestMapping(value = "/book", method = RequestMethod.GET) public List<Book> getItems(){ return bookService.getBookList(); } @RequestMapping(value = "/book",method = RequestMethod.POST) public Boolean saveItem(Book book){ return bookService.save(book); }} |
BookServiceImpl.java
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package com.macky.springbootshardingjdbc.service.impl; import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.toolkit.Wrappers;import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.service.impl.ServiceImpl;import com.macky.springbootshardingjdbc.entity.Book;import com.macky.springbootshardingjdbc.mapper.BookMapper;import com.macky.springbootshardingjdbc.service.BookService;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import java.util.List; /** * @author Macky * @Title class BookServiceImpl * @Description: TODO * @date 2019/7/12 20:47 */@Servicepublic class BookServiceImpl extends ServiceImpl<BookMapper, Book> implements BookService { @Override public List<Book> getBookList() { return baseMapper.selectList(Wrappers.<Book>lambdaQuery()); } @Override public boolean save(Book book) { return super.save(book); }} |
BookMapper.java
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package com.macky.springbootshardingjdbc.mapper; import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.mapper.BaseMapper;import com.macky.springbootshardingjdbc.entity.Book; /** * @author Macky * @Title class BookMapper * @Description: TODO * @date 2019/7/12 20:46 */public interface BookMapper extends BaseMapper<Book> {} |
創建數據庫表，DDL語句如下
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創建數據庫表數據CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS `db0`;USE `db0`;DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `book_0`;CREATE TABLE `book_0` ( `id` INT ( 11 ) NOT NULL, `name` VARCHAR ( 255 ) DEFAULT NULL, `count` INT ( 11 ) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY ( `id` )) ENGINE = INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4;DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `book_1`;CREATE TABLE `book_1` ( `id` INT ( 11 ) NOT NULL, `name` VARCHAR ( 255 ) DEFAULT NULL, `count` INT ( 11 ) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY ( `id` )) ENGINE = INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4; CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS `db1`;USE `db1`;DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `book_0`;CREATE TABLE `book_0` ( `id` INT ( 11 ) NOT NULL, `name` VARCHAR ( 255 ) DEFAULT NULL, `count` INT ( 11 ) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY ( `id` )) ENGINE = INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4;DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `book_1`;CREATE TABLE `book_1` ( `id` INT ( 11 ) NOT NULL, `name` VARCHAR ( 255 ) DEFAULT NULL, `count` INT ( 11 ) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY ( `id` )) ENGINE = INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4; CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS `db2`;USE `db2`;DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `book_0`;CREATE TABLE `book_0` ( `id` INT ( 11 ) NOT NULL, `name` VARCHAR ( 255 ) DEFAULT NULL, `count` INT ( 11 ) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY ( `id` )) ENGINE = INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4;DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `book_1`;CREATE TABLE `book_1` ( `id` INT ( 11 ) NOT NULL, `name` VARCHAR ( 255 ) DEFAULT NULL, `count` INT ( 11 ) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY ( `id` )) ENGINE = INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4; |
配置分庫分表策略application.properties：
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> 推薦一個艿艿寫的 3000+ Star 的 SpringCloud Alibaba 電商開源項目的倉庫：<https://github.com/YunaiV/onemall> # 數據源 db0,db1,db2sharding.jdbc.datasource.names=db0,db1,db2# 第一個數據庫sharding.jdbc.datasource.db0.type=com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSourcesharding.jdbc.datasource.db0.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driversharding.jdbc.datasource.db0.jdbc-url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db0?useUnicode=true&useJDBCCompliantTimezoneShift=true&useLegacyDatetimeCode=false&serverTimezone=UTCsharding.jdbc.datasource.db0.username=rootsharding.jdbc.datasource.db0.password=Aa123456 # 第二個數據庫sharding.jdbc.datasource.db1.type=com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSourcesharding.jdbc.datasource.db1.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driversharding.jdbc.datasource.db1.jdbc-url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db1?useUnicode=true&useJDBCCompliantTimezoneShift=true&useLegacyDatetimeCode=false&serverTimezone=UTCsharding.jdbc.datasource.db1.username=rootsharding.jdbc.datasource.db1.password=Aa123456 # 第三個數據庫sharding.jdbc.datasource.db2.type=com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSourcesharding.jdbc.datasource.db2.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driversharding.jdbc.datasource.db2.jdbc-url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db2?useUnicode=true&useJDBCCompliantTimezoneShift=true&useLegacyDatetimeCode=false&serverTimezone=UTCsharding.jdbc.datasource.db2.username=rootsharding.jdbc.datasource.db2.password=Aa123456 # 水平拆分的數據庫（表） 配置分庫 + 分表策略 行表達式分片策略# 分庫策略sharding.jdbc.config.sharding.default-database-strategy.inline.sharding-column=idsharding.jdbc.config.sharding.default-database-strategy.inline.algorithm-expression=db$->{id % 3} # 分表策略 其中book為邏輯表 分表主要取決于id行sharding.jdbc.config.sharding.tables.book.actual-data-nodes=db$->{0..2}.book_$->{0..2}sharding.jdbc.config.sharding.tables.book.table-strategy.inline.sharding-column=count# 分片算法表達式sharding.jdbc.config.sharding.tables.book.table-strategy.inline.algorithm-expression=book_$->{count % 3} # 主鍵 UUID 18位數 如果是分布式還要進行一個設置 防止主鍵重復#sharding.jdbc.config.sharding.tables.user.key-generator-column-name=id # 打印執行的數據庫以及語句sharding.jdbc.config.props..sql.show=truespring.main.allow-bean-definition-overriding=true #讀寫分離sharding.jdbc.datasource.dsmaster = |
接口測試使用postman
示例：
- GET請求------>http://localhost:8080/book
- POST請求：------->http://localhost:8080/book?id=1&name=java編程思想&count=8
demo的github地址：
https://github.com/Macky-He/spring-boot--shardingsphere-examples 如各位覺得有幫助的話，還請給個star鼓勵鼓勵博主，謝謝！
三、總結
分庫分表實現按照官方文檔做一個demo是第一步，如需深入還需要研究源碼，研究架構，研究思想；此文僅作為入門demo搭建指南，如需深入理解，還請移步至官方文檔。
到此這篇關于Spring Boot 集成 Sharding-JDBC + Mybatis-Plus 實現分庫分表功能的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關Spring Boot實現分庫分表內容請搜索服務器之家以前的文章或繼續瀏覽下面的相關文章希望大家以后多多支持服務器之家！
原文鏈接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_48673251/article/details/108250049
