安裝pymysql
pip install pymysql
2|0使用pymysql
2|1使用數據查詢語句
查詢一條數據fetchone()
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from pymysql import * conn = connect ( host= '127.0.0.1' , port=3306, user = 'root' , password = '123456' , database = 'itcast' , charset= 'utf8' ) # 創建游標 c = conn. cursor () # 執行sql語句 c. execute ( "select * from student" ) # 查詢一行數據 result = c.fetchone() print(result) # 關閉游標 c. close () # 關閉數據庫連接 conn. close () "" " (1, '張三', 18, b'\x01') " "" |
查詢多條數據fetchall()
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from pymysql import * conn = connect ( host= '127.0.0.1' , port=3306, user = 'root' , password = '123456' , database = 'itcast' , charset= 'utf8' ) # 創建游標 c = conn. cursor () # 執行sql語句 c. execute ( "select * from student" ) # 查詢多行數據 result = c.fetchall() for item in result: print(item) # 關閉游標 c. close () # 關閉數據庫連接 conn. close () "" " (1, '張三', 18, b'\x01') (2, '李四', 19, b'\x00') (3, '王五', 20, b'\x01') " "" |
更改游標的默認設置,返回值為字典
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from pymysql import * conn = connect ( host= '127.0.0.1' , port=3306, user = 'root' , password = '123456' , database = 'itcast' , charset= 'utf8' ) # 創建游標,操作設置為字典類型 c = conn. cursor (cursors.DictCursor) # 執行sql語句 c. execute ( "select * from student" ) # 查詢多行數據 result = c.fetchall() for item in result: print(item) # 關閉游標 c. close () # 關閉數據庫連接 conn. close () "" " {'id': 1, 'name': '張三', 'age': 18, 'sex': b'\x01'} {'id': 2, 'name': '李四', 'age': 19, 'sex': b'\x00'} {'id': 3, 'name': '王五', 'age': 20, 'sex': b'\x01'} " "" |
返回一條數據時也是一樣的。返回字典或者時元組看個人需要。
2|2使用數據操作語句
執行增加、刪除、更新語句的操作其實是一樣的。只寫一個作為示范。
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from pymysql import * conn = connect ( host= '127.0.0.1' , port=3306, user = 'root' , password = '123456' , database = 'itcast' , charset= 'utf8' ) # 創建游標 c = conn. cursor () # 執行sql語句 c. execute ( "insert into student(name,age,sex) values (%s,%s,%s)" ,( "小二" ,28,1)) # 提交事務 conn. commit () # 關閉游標 c. close () # 關閉數據庫連接 conn. close () |
和查詢語句不同的是必須使用commit()提交事務,否則操作就是無效的。
3|0編寫數據庫連接類
普通版
MysqlHelper.py
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from pymysql import connect ,cursors class MysqlHelper: def __init__(self, host= "127.0.0.1" , user = "root" , password = "123456" , database = "itcast" , charset= 'utf8' , port=3306): self.host = host self.port = port self. user = user self. password = password self. database = database self.charset = charset self._conn = None self._cursor = None def _open(self): # print( "連接已打開" ) self._conn = connect (host=self.host, port=self.port, user =self. user , password =self. password , database =self. database , charset=self.charset) self._cursor = self._conn. cursor (cursors.DictCursor) def _close(self): # print( "連接已關閉" ) self._cursor. close () self._conn. close () def one(self, sql, params=None): result: tuple = None try: self._open() self._cursor. execute (sql, params) result = self._cursor.fetchone() except Exception as e: print(e) finally: self._close() return result def all (self, sql, params=None): result: tuple = None try: self._open() self._cursor. execute (sql, params) result = self._cursor.fetchall() except Exception as e: print(e) finally: self._close() return result def exe(self, sql, params=None): try: self._open() self._cursor. execute (sql, params) self._conn. commit () except Exception as e: print(e) finally: self._close() |
該類封裝了fetchone、fetchall、execute,省去了數據庫連接的打開和關閉和游標的打開和關閉。
下面的代碼是調用該類的小示例:
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from MysqlHelper import * mysqlhelper = MysqlHelper() ret = mysqlhelper. all ( "select * from student" ) for item in ret: print(item) "" " {'id': 1, 'name': '張三', 'age': 18, 'sex': b'\x01'} {'id': 2, 'name': '李四', 'age': 19, 'sex': b'\x00'} {'id': 3, 'name': '王五', 'age': 20, 'sex': b'\x01'} {'id': 5, 'name': '小二', 'age': 28, 'sex': b'\x01'} {'id': 6, 'name': '娃哈哈', 'age': 28, 'sex': b'\x01'} {'id': 7, 'name': '娃哈哈', 'age': 28, 'sex': b'\x01'} " "" 上下文管理器版 mysql_with.py from pymysql import connect , cursors class DB: def __init__(self, host= 'localhost' , port=3306, db= 'itcast' , user = 'root' , passwd= '123456' , charset= 'utf8' ): # 建立連接 self.conn = connect ( host=host, port=port, db=db, user = user , passwd=passwd, charset=charset) # 創建游標,操作設置為字典類型 self.cur = self.conn. cursor ( cursor =cursors.DictCursor) def __enter__(self): # 返回游標 return self.cur def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb): # 提交數據庫并執行 self.conn. commit () # 關閉游標 self.cur. close () # 關閉數據庫連接 self.conn. close () |
如何使用:
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from mysql_with import DB with DB() as db: db. execute ( "select * from student" ) ret = db.fetchone() print(ret) "" " {'id': 1, 'name': '張三', 'age': 18, 'sex': b'\x01'} " "" |
總結
以上所述是小編給大家介紹的使用python連接mysql數據庫之pymysql模塊的使用,希望對大家有所幫助,如果大家有任何疑問歡迎給我留言,小編會及時回復大家的!
原文鏈接:https://www.cnblogs.com/lxy0/archive/2019/09/01/11441723.html