學(xué)了一周的Python，這篇文章算是為這段時(shí)間自學(xué)做的小總結(jié)。
一、Python簡(jiǎn)介
Python是一門十分優(yōu)美的腳本語(yǔ)言，如果學(xué)過(guò)java、c++那入門Python是非常簡(jiǎn)單的。Python具有豐富和強(qiáng)大的類庫(kù)。它常被昵稱為膠水語(yǔ)言，它能夠很輕松的把用其他語(yǔ)言制作的各種模塊（尤其是C/C++）輕松地聯(lián)結(jié)在一起。常見的一種應(yīng)用情形是，使用Python快速生成程序的原型（有時(shí)甚至是程序的最終界面），然后對(duì)其中有特別要求的部分，用更合適的語(yǔ)言改寫。
二、Python版計(jì)算器的實(shí)現(xiàn)
工具準(zhǔn)備：
1. Python2.7
2. wxPython
3. wxGlade界面編輯工具
4. pyCharm
具體配置什么的我就不說(shuō)了，網(wǎng)上有很多。Python的GUI開發(fā)庫(kù)有很多，這里我們使用wxPython。用wxGlade編輯界面，wxGlade是一款很好用的GUI編輯工具，它最大的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是能自動(dòng)生成編輯好的圖形界面的代碼。
這里主要介紹幾點(diǎn)：
wx.TextCtrl（文本輸入控件），這個(gè)作為計(jì)算器的顯示屏，點(diǎn)擊數(shù)字時(shí)用AppendText方法將數(shù)字添加至文本末尾，要取出數(shù)字時(shí)用GetValue方法，點(diǎn)擊運(yùn)算符時(shí)要將文本框中的數(shù)字清空（先存儲(chǔ)）用Clear方法然后還有將操作符保存，點(diǎn)擊等號(hào)后要將第二個(gè)操作數(shù)存儲(chǔ)，然后用int方法將字符串轉(zhuǎn)換為數(shù)字，計(jì)算后用SetValue方法將結(jié)果送入文本框，具體代碼如下：
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import wx # begin wxGlade: extracode # end wxGlade class MyFrame(wx.Frame): def __init__(self, *args, **kwds): # begin wxGlade: MyFrame.__init__ kwds["style"] = wx.DEFAULT_FRAME_STYLE wx.Frame.__init__(self, *args, **kwds) self.text_ctrl_1 = wx.TextCtrl(self, -1, "",style=wx.TE_READONLY) self.button_37 = wx.Button(self, -1, "1") self.button_38 = wx.Button(self, -1, "2") self.button_39 = wx.Button(self, -1, "3") self.button_40 = wx.Button(self, -1, "+") self.button_41 = wx.Button(self, -1, "4") self.button_42 = wx.Button(self, -1, "5") self.button_43 = wx.Button(self, -1, "6") self.button_44 = wx.Button(self, -1, "-") self.button_46 = wx.Button(self, -1, "7") self.button_45 = wx.Button(self, -1, "8") self.button_47 = wx.Button(self, -1, "9") self.button_48 = wx.Button(self, -1, "x") self.button_49 = wx.Button(self, -1, "C") self.button_50 = wx.Button(self, -1, "0") self.button_51 = wx.Button(self, -1, "=") self.button_52 = wx.Button(self, -1, "/") self.__set_properties() self.__do_layout() self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu1, self.button_37) self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu2, self.button_38) self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu3, self.button_39) self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu_plus, self.button_40) self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu4, self.button_41) self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu5, self.button_42) self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu6, self.button_43) self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu_min, self.button_44) self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu7, self.button_46) self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu8, self.button_45) self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu9, self.button_47) self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu_mul, self.button_48) self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu_clear, self.button_49) self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu0, self.button_50) self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu_result, self.button_51) self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu_chu, self.button_52) # end wxGlade self.Show(True) def __set_properties(self): # begin wxGlade: MyFrame.__set_properties self.SetTitle("Python Calculater by CYG") self.text_ctrl_1.SetMinSize((400, 50)) self.button_37.SetMinSize((100, 50)) self.button_38.SetMinSize((100, 50)) self.button_39.SetMinSize((100, 50)) self.button_40.SetMinSize((100, 50)) self.button_41.SetMinSize((100, 50)) self.button_42.SetMinSize((100, 50)) self.button_43.SetMinSize((100, 50)) self.button_44.SetMinSize((100, 50)) self.button_46.SetMinSize((100, 50)) self.button_45.SetMinSize((100, 50)) self.button_47.SetMinSize((100, 50)) self.button_48.SetMinSize((100, 50)) self.button_49.SetMinSize((100, 50)) self.button_50.SetMinSize((100, 50)) self.button_51.SetMinSize((100, 50)) self.button_52.SetMinSize((100, 50)) # end wxGlade def __do_layout(self): # begin wxGlade: MyFrame.__do_layout sizer_2 = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL) sizer_3 = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL) grid_sizer_1 = wx.GridSizer(4, 4, 0, 0) sizer_3.Add(self.text_ctrl_1, 0, 0, 0) grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_37, 0, 0, 0) grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_38, 0, 0, 0) grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_39, 0, 0, 0) grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_40, 0, 0, 0) grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_41, 0, 0, 0) grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_42, 0, 0, 0) grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_43, 0, 0, 0) grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_44, 0, 0, 0) grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_46, 0, 0, 0) grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_45, 0, 0, 0) grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_47, 0, 0, 0) grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_48, 0, 0, 0) grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_49, 0, 0, 0) grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_50, 0, 0, 0) grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_51, 0, 0, 0) grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_52, 0, 0, 0) sizer_3.Add(grid_sizer_1, 1, wx.EXPAND, 0) sizer_2.Add(sizer_3, 1, wx.EXPAND, 0) self.SetSizer(sizer_2) sizer_2.Fit(self) self.Layout() # end wxGlade def bu1(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler> self.text_ctrl_1.AppendText("1") event.Skip() def bu2(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler> self.text_ctrl_1.AppendText("2") event.Skip() def bu3(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler> self.text_ctrl_1.AppendText("3") event.Skip() def bu_plus(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler> self.num1=self.text_ctrl_1.GetValue() self.op="+" self.text_ctrl_1.Clear() event.Skip() def bu4(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler> self.text_ctrl_1.AppendText("4") event.Skip() def bu5(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler> self.text_ctrl_1.AppendText("5") event.Skip() def bu6(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler> self.text_ctrl_1.AppendText("6") event.Skip() def bu_min(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler> self.num1=self.text_ctrl_1.GetValue() self.op="-" self.text_ctrl_1.Clear() event.Skip() def bu7(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler> self.text_ctrl_1.AppendText("7") event.Skip() def bu8(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler> self.text_ctrl_1.AppendText("8") event.Skip() def bu9(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler> self.text_ctrl_1.AppendText("9") event.Skip() def bu_mul(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler> self.num1=self.text_ctrl_1.GetValue() self.op="x" self.text_ctrl_1.Clear() event.Skip() def bu_clear(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler> self.text_ctrl_1.Clear() event.Skip() def bu0(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler> self.text_ctrl_1.AppendText("0") event.Skip() def bu_chu(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler> self.num1=self.text_ctrl_1.GetValue() self.op="/" self.text_ctrl_1.Clear() event.Skip() def bu_result(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler> self.num2=self.text_ctrl_1.GetValue() num1=int(self.num1) num2=int(self.num2) if self.op=="+": self.text_ctrl_1.SetValue(str(num1+num2)) elif self.op=="-": self.text_ctrl_1.SetValue(str(num1-num2)) elif self.op=="x": self.text_ctrl_1.SetValue(str(num1*num2)) elif self.op=="/": self.text_ctrl_1.SetValue(str(num1/num2)) event.Skip() # end of class MyFrame if __name__ == "__main__": app=wx.App(False) myframe=MyFrame(None) app.MainLoop() |
按鈕的ID，名稱什么的我基本都是用wxGlade自動(dòng)生成的。
沒(méi)有做什么美化，只是為了練練手，給張圖：
以上就是本文的全部?jī)?nèi)容，希望對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持服務(wù)器之家。
原文鏈接：http://blog.csdn.net/cyg0810/article/details/23865543
