Redis是一個緩存消息中間件及具有豐富特性的鍵值存儲系統。Spring Boot為Jedis客戶端庫和由Spring Data Redis提供的基于Jedis客戶端的抽象提供自動配置。spring-boot-starter-redis'Starter POM'為收集依賴提供一種便利的方式。
引入spring-boot-starter-redis,在pom.xml配置文件中增加配置如下(基于之前章節“Spring Boot 構建框架”中的pom.xml文件):
1
2
3
4
|
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-redis</artifactId> </dependency> |
可以注入一個自動配置的RedisConnectionFactory,StringRedisTemplate或普通的跟其他Spring Bean相同的RedisTemplate實例。默認情況下,這個實例將嘗試使用localhost:6379連接Redis服務器。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
|
@Component public class MyBean { private StringRedisTemplate template; @Autowired public MyBean(StringRedisTemplate template) { this .template = template; } // ... } |
如果添加一個自己的任何自動配置類型的@Bean,它將替換默認的(除了RedisTemplate的情況,它是根據bean的名稱'redisTemplate'而不是它的類型進行排除的)。如果在classpath路徑下存在commons-pool2,默認會獲得一個連接池工廠。
應用使用Redis案例
添加配置文件,配置內容如下:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
|
# REDIS (RedisProperties) # Redis服務器地址 spring.redis.host= 192.168 . 0.58 # Redis服務器連接端口 spring.redis.port= 6379 # 連接超時時間(毫秒) spring.redis.timeout= 0 |
redis配置類,具體代碼如下:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
|
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component @ConfigurationProperties (prefix = "spring.redis" ) public class RedisConn { private String host; private int port; private int timeout; public String getHost() { return host; } public void setHost(String host) { this .host = host; } public int getPort() { return port; } public void setPort( int port) { this .port = port; } public int getTimeout() { return timeout; } public void setTimeout( int timeout) { this .timeout = timeout; } @Override public String toString() { return "Redis [localhost=" + host + ", port=" + port + ", timeout=" + timeout + "]" ; } } |
注意:在RedisConn類中注解@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.Redis")的作用是讀取springboot的默認配置文件信息中以spring.redis開頭的信息。
配置cache類
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
|
import java.lang.reflect.Method; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.cache.CacheManager; import org.springframework.cache.annotation.CachingConfigurerSupport; import org.springframework.cache.annotation.EnableCaching; import org.springframework.cache.interceptor.KeyGenerator; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource; import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheManager; import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory; import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.jedis.JedisConnectionFactory; import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate; import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate; import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import com.cachemodle.RedisConn; import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonAutoDetect; import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.PropertyAccessor; import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper; /** * * @author sandsa redis cache service * */ @Configuration @EnableCaching public class RedisConfig extends CachingConfigurerSupport { @Autowired private RedisConn redisConn; /** * 生產key的策略 * * @return */ @Bean @Override public KeyGenerator keyGenerator() { return new KeyGenerator() { @Override public Object generate(Object target, Method method, Object... params) { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); sb.append(target.getClass().getName()); sb.append(method.getName()); for (Object obj : params) { sb.append(obj.toString()); } return sb.toString(); } }; } /** * 管理緩存 * * @param redisTemplate * @return */ @SuppressWarnings ( "rawtypes" ) @Bean public CacheManager CacheManager(RedisTemplate redisTemplate) { RedisCacheManager rcm = new RedisCacheManager(redisTemplate); // 設置cache過期時間,時間單位是秒 rcm.setDefaultExpiration( 60 ); Map<String, Long> map = new HashMap<String, Long>(); map.put( "test" , 60L); rcm.setExpires(map); return rcm; } /** * redis 數據庫連接池 * @return */ @Bean public JedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory() { JedisConnectionFactory factory = new JedisConnectionFactory(); factory.setHostName(redisConn.getHost()); factory.setPort(redisConn.getPort()); factory.setTimeout(redisConn.getTimeout()); // 設置連接超時時間 return factory; } /** * redisTemplate配置 * * @param factory * @return */ @SuppressWarnings ({ "rawtypes" , "unchecked" }) @Bean public RedisTemplate<String, String> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory factory) { StringRedisTemplate template = new StringRedisTemplate(factory); Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer jackson2JsonRedisSerializer = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer(Object. class ); ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper(); om.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY); om.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL); jackson2JsonRedisSerializer.setObjectMapper(om); template.setValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer); template.afterPropertiesSet(); return template; } } |
分析:緩存類繼承的是CachingConfigurerSupport,它把讀取的配置文件信息的RedisConn類對象注入到這個類中。在這個類中keyGenerator()方法是key的生成策略,CacheManager()方法是緩存管理策略,redisConnectionFactory()是redis連接,redisTemplate()方法是redisTemplate配置信息,配置后使redis中能存儲Java對象。
測試配置是否成功,實例:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
|
@RunWith (SpringJUnit4ClassRunner. class ) @SpringApplicationConfiguration (Application. class ) public class TestRedis { @Autowired private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate; // 處理字符串 @Autowired private RedisTemplate redisTemplate; // 處理對象 @Test public void test() throws Exception { stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set( "yoodb" , "123" ); Assert.assertEquals( "123" , stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get( "yoodb" )); } } |
簡單封裝的Redis工具類,代碼如下:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
|
import java.io.Serializable; import java.util.Set; import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate; import org.springframework.data.redis.core.ValueOperations; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component public class RedisUtils { @SuppressWarnings ( "rawtypes" ) @Autowired private RedisTemplate redisTemplate; /** * 批量刪除對應的value * * @param keys */ public void remove( final String... keys) { for (String key : keys) { remove(key); } } /** * 批量刪除key * * @param pattern */ @SuppressWarnings ( "unchecked" ) public void removePattern( final String pattern) { Set<Serializable> keys = redisTemplate.keys(pattern); if (keys.size() > 0 ) redisTemplate.delete(keys); } /** * 刪除對應的value * * @param key */ @SuppressWarnings ( "unchecked" ) public void remove( final String key) { if (exists(key)) { redisTemplate.delete(key); } } /** * 判斷緩存中是否有對應的value * * @param key * @return */ @SuppressWarnings ( "unchecked" ) public boolean exists( final String key) { return redisTemplate.hasKey(key); } /** * 讀取緩存 * * @param key * @return */ @SuppressWarnings ( "unchecked" ) public Object get( final String key) { Object result = null ; ValueOperations<Serializable, Object> operations = redisTemplate.opsForValue(); result = operations.get(key); return result; } /** * 寫入緩存 * * @param key * @param value * @return */ @SuppressWarnings ( "unchecked" ) public boolean set( final String key, Object value) { boolean result = false ; try { ValueOperations<Serializable, Object> operations = redisTemplate.opsForValue(); operations.set(key, value); result = true ; } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return result; } /** * 寫入緩存 * * @param key * @param value * @return */ @SuppressWarnings ( "unchecked" ) public boolean set( final String key, Object value, Long expireTime) { boolean result = false ; try { ValueOperations<Serializable, Object> operations = redisTemplate.opsForValue(); operations.set(key, value); redisTemplate.expire(key, expireTime, TimeUnit.SECONDS); result = true ; } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return result; } } |
查詢數據庫時自動使用緩存,根據方法生成緩存,參考代碼如下:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
|
@Service public class UserService { @Cacheable (value = "redis-key" ) public UserInfo getUserInfo(Long id, String sex, int age, String name) { System.out.println( "無緩存時調用----數據庫查詢" ); return new UserInfo(id, sex, age, name); } } |
注意:value的值就是緩存到redis中的key,此key是需要自己在進行增加緩存信息時定義的key,用于標識唯一性的。
Session 共享
分布式系統中session共享有很多不錯的解決方案,其中托管到緩存中是比較常見的方案之一,下面利用Session-spring-session-data-redis實現session共享。
引入依賴,在pom.xml配置文件中增加如下內容:
1
2
3
4
|
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.session</groupId> <artifactId>spring-session-data-redis</artifactId> </dependency> |
Session配置,具體代碼如下:
1
2
3
4
|
@Configuration @EnableRedisHttpSession (maxInactiveIntervalInSeconds = 86400 * 30 ) public class SessionConfig { } |
maxInactiveIntervalInSeconds: 設置Session失效時間,使用Redis Session之后,原Spring Boot的server.session.timeout屬性不再生效。
測試實例,具體代碼如下:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
|
@RequestMapping ( "uid" ) String uid(HttpSession session) { UUID uid = (UUID) session.getAttribute( "uid" ); if (uid == null ) { uid = UUID.randomUUID(); } session.setAttribute( "uid" , uid); return session.getId(); } |
登錄redis服務端,輸入命令keys 'session*',查看緩存是否成功。
以上就是本文的全部內容,希望對大家的學習有所幫助,也希望大家多多支持服務器之家。
原文鏈接:https://blog.yoodb.com/yoodb/article/detail/1421