以下是一個最簡單的示例
1、新建一個標準的javaweb項目
2、導入spring所需的一些基本的jar包
3、配置web.xml文件
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance" xsi:schemalocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"> <!-- 應用程序spring上下文配置 --> <context-param> <param-name>contextconfiglocation</param-name> <param-value> classpath*:applicationcontext*.xml, </param-value> </context-param> <!-- spring上下文加載監聽器 --> <listener> <listener-class> org.springframework.web.context.contextloaderlistener </listener-class> </listener> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app> |
4、添加spring配置文件applicationcontext
5、對applicationcontext.xml文件做最簡單的配置
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance" xsi:schemalocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd" default-lazy-init="false" default-autowire="byname"> <bean id="user" class="com.po.user"> <property name="name" value="張三"/> </bean> </beans> |
beans——xml文件的根節點。
xmlns——是xmlnamespace的縮寫，因為xml文件的標簽名稱都是自定義的，自己寫的和其他人定義的標簽很有可能會重復命名，而功能卻不一樣，所以需要加上一個namespace來區分這個xml文件和其他的xml文件，類似于java中的package。
xmlns:xsi——是指xml文件遵守xml規范，xsi全名：xmlschemainstance，是指具體用到的schema資源文件里定義的元素所準守的規范。即/spring-beans-2.0.xsd這個文件里定義的元素遵守什么標準。
xsi:schemalocation——是指，本文檔里的xml元素所遵守的規范，schemalocation屬性用來引用(schema)模式文檔，解析器可以在需要的情況下使用這個文檔對xml實例文檔進行校驗。它的值(uri)是成對出現的，第一個值表示命名空間，第二個值則表示描述該命名空間的模式文檔的具體位置，兩個值之間以空格分隔。
6、新建一個實體類user.java
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package com.po; public class user { private string name; private string age; public string getname() { return name; } public void setname(string name) { this.name = name; } public string getage() { return age; } public void setage(string age) { this.age = age; } } |
7、測試
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public static void main(string[] args) { // todo auto-generated method stub applicationcontext ac = new filesystemxmlapplicationcontext("config/applicationcontext.xml"); user user =(user)ac.getbean("user"); system.out.println(user.getname()); } |
輸出
這就實現web項目搭建基礎spring框架。接下來就做一些真正項目中會用到的一些擴展
可以在web.xml中配置一些spring框架集成的功能或其他設置
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<!-- 字符編碼過濾器，必須放在過濾器的最上面 --> <filter> <filter-name>encodingfilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.characterencodingfilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>forceencoding</param-name> <param-value>true</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>utf-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>encodingfilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- 配置延遲加載時使用opensessioninview--> <filter> <filter-name>opensessioninviewfilter</filter-name> <filter-class> org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.opensessioninviewfilter </filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>singlesession</param-name> <param-value>true</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>sessionfactorybeanname</param-name> <!--指定對spring配置中哪個sessionfactory使用opensessioninview--> <param-value>sessionfactory</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>opensessioninviewfilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- spring security過濾器 org.springframework.web.filter.delegatingfilterproxy（委托過濾器代理）--> <!-- 使用springsecurity或apache shiro就會用到這個過濾器，--> <filter> <filter-name>springsecurityfilterchain</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.delegatingfilterproxy</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>springsecurityfilterchain</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- 聲明 spring mvc dispatcherservlet --> <servlet> <servlet-name>springdispatcher</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.dispatcherservlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextconfiglocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath*:spring-mvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <!-- map all requests for /* to the dispatcher servlet --> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springdispatcher</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <!-- 配置出錯頁面 --> <error-page> <error-code>404</error-code> <location>errorpage/404.jsp</location> </error-page> <!-- 401錯誤 --> <error-page> <error-code>401</error-code> <location>/errorpage/401.html</location> </error-page> <!-- 為每個jsp頁面引入taglib.jspf等文件 --> <jsp-config> <taglib> <taglib-uri>/web-inf/runqianreport4.tld</taglib-uri> <taglib-location>/web-inf/runqianreport4.tld</taglib-location> </taglib> <jsp-property-group> <url-pattern>*.jsp</url-pattern> <page-encoding>utf-8</page-encoding> <include-prelude>/tag/taglib.jspf</include-prelude> <!--<trim-directive-whitespaces>true</trim-directive-whitespaces> --> </jsp-property-group> </jsp-config> |
其中jspf就是做一些全局的聲明
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<%@ page language="java" contenttype="text/html; charset=utf-8"<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>pageencoding="utf-8"%> <%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%> <%@ taglib prefix="fn" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/functions"%> <%@ taglib prefix="fmt" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt"%> <%@ taglib prefix="fnc" uri="/web-inf/tlds/fnc.tld" %> <%@ taglib tagdir="/web-inf/tags" prefix="mytag"%> <c:set var="ctx" scope="session"<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>value="${pagecontext.request.contextpath}" /> |
可以在applicationcontext.xml中配置更多的功能
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<!-- beans可以添加更多聲明 --> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance" xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemalocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd" default-lazy-init="false" default-autowire="byname"> <!-- 使用注解定義切面 --> <aop:aspectj-autoproxy /> <mvc:annotation-driven /> <!-- spring 注釋代替配置，自動掃描的基礎包，將掃描該包以及所有子包下的所有類需要把controller去掉，否則影響事務管理 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.schoolnet"> <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.controller" /> </context:component-scan> <!-- 配置系統properties配置文件 --> <bean id="propertyconfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.propertyplaceholderconfigurer"> <property name="fileencoding" value="utf-8" /> <property name="locations"> <list> <value>classpath:jdbc.properties</value> </list> </property> </bean> <!-- 數據源配置 --> <bean id="datasource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.combopooleddatasource" destroy-method="close"> <property name="driverclass" value="${jdbc.driverclassname}" /> <property name="jdbcurl" value="${jdbc.url}" /> <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}" /> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" /> <property name="minpoolsize"> <value>1</value> </property> <property name="maxpoolsize" value="100" /> <property name="initialpoolsize" value="3" /> <!--最大空閑時間,60秒內未使用則連接被丟棄。若為0則永不丟棄。default: 0 --> <property name="maxidletime" value="60" /> <!--當連接池中的連接耗盡的時候c3p0一次同時獲取的連接數。default: 3 --> <property name="acquireincrement" value="5" /> <property name="maxstatements" value="0" /> <!--每60秒檢查所有連接池中的空閑連接。default: 0 --> <property name="idleconnectiontestperiod" value="60" /> <!--定義在從數據庫獲取新連接失敗后重復嘗試的次數。default: 30 --> <property name="acquireretryattempts" value="30" /> <!-- 獲取連接失敗將會引起所有等待連接池來獲取連接的線程拋出異常。但是數據源仍有效 保留，并在下次調用getconnection()的時候繼續嘗試獲取連接。如果設為true，那么在嘗試 獲取連接失敗后該數據源將申明已斷開并永久關閉。default: false --> <property name="breakafteracquirefailure" value="false" /> <!-- 因性能消耗大請只在需要的時候使用它。如果設為true那么在每個connection提交的 時候都將校驗其有效性。建議使用idleconnectiontestperiod或automatictesttable 等方法來提升連接測試的性能。default: false --> <property name="testconnectiononcheckout" value="false" /> </bean> <!-- 定義事務管理器（聲明式的事務）--> <!-- 支持 @transactional 標記 --> <!-- 方式一：datasourcetransactionmanager --> <bean id="transactionmanager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.datasourcetransactionmanager"> <property name="datasource" ref="datasource" /> </bean> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionmanager"/> <!-- 方式二：hibernatetransactionmanager --> <bean id="hibernatetransactionmanager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.hibernatetransactionmanager"> <property name="sessionfactory"> <ref local="sessionfactory" /> </property> </bean> <!-- 配置hibernate的session工廠 --> <bean id="sessionfactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.localsessionfactorybean"> <property name="datasource" ref="datasource" /> <property name="lobhandler" ref="lobhandler"/> <property name="mappinglocations"> <list> <value>classpath*:/com/schoolnet/**/*.hbm.xml</value> </list> </property> <property name="hibernateproperties"> <props> <!-- 解決在oracle多個表空間表名相同導致hibernate不會自動生成表 --> <prop key="hibernate.default_schema">${jdbc.username}</prop> <prop key="hibernate.dialect"> org.hibernate.dialect.oracle10gdialect </prop> <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop> <!--解決內存泄漏問題 --> <prop key="hibernate.generate_statistics">false</prop> <prop key="hibernate.connection.release_mode"> auto </prop> <prop key="hibernate.autoreconnect">true</prop> <prop key="hibernate.cache.provider_class"> org.hibernate.cache.ehcacheprovider </prop> <!--解決內存泄漏問題 --> <prop key="hibernate.cache.use_query_cache">false</prop> <prop key="use_second_level_cache">false</prop> <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop> <prop key="current_session_context_class">thread</prop> </props> </property> <property name="eventlisteners"> <map> <entry key="merge"> <bean class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.idtransferringmergeeventlistener" /> </entry> </map> </property> </bean> <!--2.配置hibernate事務特性 --> <tx:advice id="txadvice" transaction-manager="hibernatetransactionmanager"> <tx:attributes> <tx:method name="save*" propagation="required" rollback-for="exception" /> <tx:method name="add*" propagation="required" rollback-for="exception" /> <tx:method name="update*" propagation="required" rollback-for="exception" /> <tx:method name="modify*" propagation="required" rollback-for="exception" /> <tx:method name="del*" propagation="required" rollback-for="exception" /> <tx:method name="start*" propagation="required" rollback-for="exception" /> <tx:method name="stop*" propagation="required" rollback-for="exception" /> <tx:method name="assign*" propagation="required" rollback-for="exception" /> <tx:method name="clear*" propagation="required" rollback-for="exception" /> <tx:method name="execute*" propagation="required" rollback-for="exception" /> <tx:method name="insert*" propagation="required" rollback-for="exception" /> <tx:method name="do*" propagation="required" rollback-for="exception" /> <tx:method name="set*" propagation="required" rollback-for="exception" /> <tx:method name="*n" propagation="never" /> <tx:method name="*" read-only="true"/> </tx:attributes> </tx:advice> <!-- 配置那些類的方法進行事務管理 --> <aop:config> <aop:advisor pointcut="execution(* com.eshine..*.service.*.*(..))" advice-ref="txadvice" /> </aop:config> |
spring-mvc.xml文件配置
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance" xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemalocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd"> <context:component-scan base-package="com.schoolnet" use-default-filters="false"> <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.controller" /> </context:component-scan> <mvc:annotation-driven /> <mvc:default-servlet-handler /> <!-- jsp視圖解析器 --> <bean id="jspviewresolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.internalresourceviewresolver"> <property name="prefix" value="/" /> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> <property name="order" value="0" /> <property name="contenttype" value="text/html;charset=utf-8" /> </bean> <!--多文上傳，限制1g文件 --> <bean id="multipartresolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.commonsmultipartresolver"> <property name="maxuploadsize" value="1073741824" /> </bean> </beans> |
總結
以上就是本文關于spring框架web項目實戰全代碼分享的全部內容，希望對大家有所幫助。如有不足之處，歡迎留言指出。感謝朋友們對本站的支持！
原文鏈接：http://blog.csdn.net/zz_cl/article/details/52502168
