SpringMVC的Controller用于處理用戶的請求。Controller相當于Struts1里的Action,他們的實現機制、運行原理都類似
Controller是個接口,一般直接繼承AbstrcatController,并實現handleRequestInternal方法。handleRequestInternal方法相當于Struts1的execute方法
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import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.AbstractController; public class CatController extends AbstractController{ private ICatService catService; //setter、getter略 protected ModelAndView handleRequestInternal(HttpServletRequestrequest,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception{ String action =request.getParameter( "action" ); if ( "list" .equals(action)){ return this .list(request,response); } } protected ModelAndView list(HttpServletRequestrequest,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception{ List<Cat> catList =catService.listCat(); request.setAttribute( "catList" , catList); return new ModelAndView( "cat/listCat" ); } } |
SpringMVC沒有內置數據的封裝,開發者可以自己封裝數據轉換代碼
SpringMVC獨特的地方在于view層的處理上。handleRequestInternal返回ModelAndView對象,可以看做是對JSP對象的封裝。ModelAndIView直接接受JSP頁面的路徑。例如參數"cat/listCat",只是JSP路徑的一部分,實際完整的路徑是"WEB-INF/jsp/cat/catList.jsp",路徑前后的部分是配置在配置文件中的
除了制定JSP路徑,ModelAndView還可以直接傳遞Model對象到View層,而不用事先放到request中,例如newModelAndView("cat/listCat","cat",cat),如果傳遞多個參數,可以使用Map,如
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Map map = newHashMap(); map.put( "cat" ,cat); map.put( "catList" ,catList); return new ModelAndView( "cat/listCat" ,map); |
一般使用一個獨立的xml文件如spring-action.xml專門配置web相關的組件
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> <!DCTYPEbeans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd"> < beans > < bean id = "viewResolver" class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" > < property name = "prefix" > < value >/WEB-INF/jsp/</ value > <!-- JSP前綴--> </ property > < property name = "suffix" > < value >.jsp</ value > <!-- JSP后綴--> </ property > <!-- 配置URL Mapping--> < bean id = "urlHandlerMapping" class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandleMapping" > < property name = "mappings" > < props ><!—Controller的URL會被配置成"cat.mvc"--> < prop key = "cat.mvc" >catController</ prop > < props > </ property > </ bean > < bean id = "catController" class = "com.clf.spring.CatController" > < property name = "catService" ref = "catService" ></ property > </ bean > </ beans > web.xml配置 < context-param > <!-- Spring配置文件的位置--> < param-name >contextConfigLocation</ param-name > < param-value > /WEB-INF/classes/applicationContext.xml, /WEB-INF/classes/spring-action.xml </ param-value > </ context-param > < listener > <!-- 使用Listener加載Spring配置文件--> < listener-class > org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener </ listener-class > </ listener > < servlet > <!-- spring分發器--> < servlet-name >spring</ servlet-name > < servlet-class >org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</ servlet-class > < init-param > < param-name >contextConfigLocation</ param-name > < param-value >/WEB-INF/classes/spring-action.xml</ param-value > </ init-param > < load-on-startup >1</ load-on-startup > <!-- 啟動時加載--> </ servlet > < servlet-mapping > < servlet-name > spring</ servlet-name > < url >*.mvc</ url > </ servlet-mapping > |
如果一個Controller要處理多個業務邏輯,可以使用MultiActionController,相當于Struts 1中的DispatchAction,能根據某個參數將不同的請求分發到不同的方法上
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import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.multiaction.MultiActionController; public class CatController extends AbstractController{ private ICatService catService; //setter、getter略 protected ModelAndView add(HttpServletRequestrequest,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception{ …… return new ModelAndView("cat/addCat"); } protected ModelAndView list(HttpServletRequestrequest,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception{ List<Cat> catList =catService.listCat(); request.setAttribute("catList", catList); return new ModelAndView("cat/listCat"); } } |
配置到spring-action.xml
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< bean id = "paraMethodResolver" class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.multiaction.ParameterMethodNameResolver" > < property name = "paramName" > < value >action</ value > <!-- 配置分發參數--> </ property > < property name = "defaultMethodName" > < value >list</ value > <!-- 配置默認的執行方法--> </ property > </ bean > < bean id = "urlHandlerMapping" class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandleMapping" > < property name = "mappings" > < props > < prop key = "cat.mvc" >catController</ prop > <!-- 訪問"cat.mvc"則交給catController處理--> < prop key = "catMulti.mvc" >catMultiController</ prop > <!-- 訪問"catMulti.mvc"則交給catMultiController處理--> < props > </ property > </ bean > < bean id = "catController" class = "com.clf.spring.CatMultiController" > < property name = "catService" ref = "catService" ></ property > </ bean > < bean id = "catMultiController" class = "com.clf.spring.CatController" > < property name = "catService" ref = "catService" ></ property > </ bean > |
總結
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原文鏈接:http://blog.csdn.net/u012152619/article/details/44300491