在spring框架中通過 @Schedule 可以實現定時任務，通過該注解 cron 的屬性描述的規則，spring會去調用這個方法。
spring已經簡單粗暴的實現了定時任務，為什么要使用Quartz ？
如果你現在有很多個定時任務，規則不同，例如:
- 想每月25號，信用卡自動還款
- 想每年4月1日自己給當年暗戀女神發一封匿名賀卡
- 想每隔1小時，備份一下自己的愛情動作片 學習筆記到云盤
maven 依賴
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<dependency> <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId> <artifactId>quartz</artifactId> <version>2.2.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId> <artifactId>quartz-jobs</artifactId> <version>2.2.1</version> </dependency> |
以下是bootdo開源學習框架的源碼
我并沒有用到全部的字段，思路是先查詢DB，
封裝以下兩個對象
- JobDetail 負責存放 job 所需要的數據
- Trigger 設置 job 的 key，規則（cron）何時開啟任務等屬性
當觸發條件滿足時，會根據所設置的beanClass 找到該類（必須實現org.quartz.Job）， 這時可以取出JobDetail 中的數據，執行具體業務邏輯
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@Componentpublic class WelcomeJob implements Job{ @Override public void execute(JobExecutionContext arg0) throws JobExecutionException { //你的業務邏輯 }} |
表結構
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CREATE TABLE `sys_task` ( `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `cronExpression` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'cron表達式', `methodName` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '任務調用的方法名', `isConcurrent` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '任務是否有狀態', `description` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '任務描述', `updateBy` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '更新者', `beanClass` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '任務執行時調用哪個類的方法 包名+類名', `createDate` datetime DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '創建時間', `jobStatus` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '任務狀態', `jobGroup` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '任務分組', `updateDate` datetime DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '更新時間', `createBy` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '創建者', `springBean` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'Spring bean', `jobName` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '任務名', PRIMARY KEY (`id`)) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 ROW_FORMAT=COMPACT; |
配置類
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import java.io.IOException;import java.util.Properties;import org.quartz.Scheduler;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertiesFactoryBean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean;import com.txgl.common.quartz.factory.JobFactory;@Configurationpublic class QuartzConfigration { @Autowired JobFactory jobFactory; @Bean public SchedulerFactoryBean schedulerFactoryBean() { SchedulerFactoryBean schedulerFactoryBean = new SchedulerFactoryBean(); try { schedulerFactoryBean.setOverwriteExistingJobs(true); schedulerFactoryBean.setQuartzProperties(quartzProperties()); schedulerFactoryBean.setJobFactory(jobFactory); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return schedulerFactoryBean; } // 指定quartz.properties @Bean public Properties quartzProperties() throws IOException { PropertiesFactoryBean propertiesFactoryBean = new PropertiesFactoryBean(); propertiesFactoryBean.setLocation(new ClassPathResource("/config/quartz.properties")); propertiesFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(); return propertiesFactoryBean.getObject(); } // 創建schedule @Bean(name = "scheduler") public Scheduler scheduler() { return schedulerFactoryBean().getScheduler(); }} |
QuartzManager的代碼是關鍵，通過注入Scheduler 對任務進行操作
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import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;import java.util.Set;import org.apache.log4j.Logger;import org.quartz.CronScheduleBuilder;import org.quartz.CronTrigger;import org.quartz.DateBuilder;import org.quartz.DateBuilder.IntervalUnit;import org.quartz.Job;import org.quartz.JobBuilder;import org.quartz.JobDetail;import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;import org.quartz.JobKey;import org.quartz.Scheduler;import org.quartz.SchedulerException;import org.quartz.Trigger;import org.quartz.TriggerBuilder;import org.quartz.TriggerKey;import org.quartz.impl.matchers.GroupMatcher;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import org.springframework.web.context.support.SpringBeanAutowiringSupport;import com.bootdo.common.domain.ScheduleJob;import com.bootdo.common.quartz.factory.*;import com.bootdo.common.utils.SpringContextHolder;;/** * * * @title: QuartzManager.java * @description: 計劃任務管理 * */@Servicepublic class QuartzManager { public final Logger log = Logger.getLogger(this.getClass()); // private SchedulerFactoryBean schedulerFactoryBean // =SpringContextHolder.getBean(SchedulerFactoryBean.class); // @Autowired // @Qualifier("schedulerFactoryBean") // private SchedulerFactoryBean schedulerFactoryBean; @Autowired private Scheduler scheduler; /** * 添加任務 * * @param scheduleJob * @throws SchedulerException */ public void addJob(ScheduleJob job) { try { // 創建jobDetail實例，綁定Job實現類 // 指明job的名稱，所在組的名稱，以及綁定job類 Class<? extends Job> jobClass = (Class<? extends Job>) (Class.forName(job.getBeanClass()).newInstance() .getClass()); JobDetail jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob(jobClass).withIdentity(job.getJobName(), job.getJobGroup())// 任務名稱和組構成任務key .build(); // 定義調度觸發規則 // 使用cornTrigger規則 Trigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity(job.getJobName(), job.getJobGroup())// 觸發器key .startAt(DateBuilder.futureDate(1, IntervalUnit.SECOND)) .withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(job.getCronExpression())).startNow().build(); // 把作業和觸發器注冊到任務調度中 scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger); // 啟動 if (!scheduler.isShutdown()) { scheduler.start(); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }// public void addJob(ScheduleJob job) throws SchedulerException {// if (job == null || !ScheduleJob.STATUS_RUNNING.equals(job.getJobStatus())) {// return;// }//// TriggerKey triggerKey = TriggerKey.triggerKey(job.getJobName(), job.getJobGroup());//// CronTrigger trigger = (CronTrigger) scheduler.getTrigger(triggerKey);//// // 不存在，創建一個//// if (null == trigger) {// Class<? extends Job> clazz = ScheduleJob.CONCURRENT_IS.equals(job.getIsConcurrent())// ? QuartzJobFactory.class// : QuartzJobFactoryDisallowConcurrentExecution.class;//// JobDetail jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob(clazz).withIdentity(job.getJobName(), job.getJobGroup()).build();//// jobDetail.getJobDataMap().put("scheduleJob", job);//// CronScheduleBuilder scheduleBuilder = CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(job.getCronExpression());//// trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity(job.getJobName(), job.getJobGroup())// .withSchedule(scheduleBuilder).build();//// scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger);// } else {// // Trigger已存在，那么更新相應的定時設置//// CronScheduleBuilder scheduleBuilder = CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(job.getCronExpression());//// // 按新的cronExpression表達式重新構建trigger//// trigger = trigger.getTriggerBuilder().withIdentity(triggerKey).withSchedule(scheduleBuilder).build();//// // 按新的trigger重新設置job執行//// scheduler.rescheduleJob(triggerKey, trigger);// }// } /** * 獲取所有計劃中的任務列表 * * @return * @throws SchedulerException */ public List<ScheduleJob> getAllJob() throws SchedulerException { GroupMatcher<JobKey> matcher = GroupMatcher.anyJobGroup(); Set<JobKey> jobKeys = scheduler.getJobKeys(matcher); List<ScheduleJob> jobList = new ArrayList<ScheduleJob>(); for (JobKey jobKey : jobKeys) { List<? extends Trigger> triggers = scheduler.getTriggersOfJob(jobKey); for (Trigger trigger : triggers) { ScheduleJob job = new ScheduleJob(); job.setJobName(jobKey.getName()); job.setJobGroup(jobKey.getGroup()); job.setDescription("觸發器:" + trigger.getKey()); Trigger.TriggerState triggerState = scheduler.getTriggerState(trigger.getKey()); job.setJobStatus(triggerState.name()); if (trigger instanceof CronTrigger) { CronTrigger cronTrigger = (CronTrigger) trigger; String cronExpression = cronTrigger.getCronExpression(); job.setCronExpression(cronExpression); } jobList.add(job); } } return jobList; } /** * 所有正在運行的job * * @return * @throws SchedulerException */ public List<ScheduleJob> getRunningJob() throws SchedulerException { List<JobExecutionContext> executingJobs = scheduler.getCurrentlyExecutingJobs(); List<ScheduleJob> jobList = new ArrayList<ScheduleJob>(executingJobs.size()); for (JobExecutionContext executingJob : executingJobs) { ScheduleJob job = new ScheduleJob(); JobDetail jobDetail = executingJob.getJobDetail(); JobKey jobKey = jobDetail.getKey(); Trigger trigger = executingJob.getTrigger(); job.setJobName(jobKey.getName()); job.setJobGroup(jobKey.getGroup()); job.setDescription("觸發器:" + trigger.getKey()); Trigger.TriggerState triggerState = scheduler.getTriggerState(trigger.getKey()); job.setJobStatus(triggerState.name()); if (trigger instanceof CronTrigger) { CronTrigger cronTrigger = (CronTrigger) trigger; String cronExpression = cronTrigger.getCronExpression(); job.setCronExpression(cronExpression); } jobList.add(job); } return jobList; } /** * 暫停一個job * * @param scheduleJob * @throws SchedulerException */ public void pauseJob(ScheduleJob scheduleJob) throws SchedulerException { JobKey jobKey = JobKey.jobKey(scheduleJob.getJobName(), scheduleJob.getJobGroup()); scheduler.pauseJob(jobKey); } /** * 恢復一個job * * @param scheduleJob * @throws SchedulerException */ public void resumeJob(ScheduleJob scheduleJob) throws SchedulerException { JobKey jobKey = JobKey.jobKey(scheduleJob.getJobName(), scheduleJob.getJobGroup()); scheduler.resumeJob(jobKey); } /** * 刪除一個job * * @param scheduleJob * @throws SchedulerException */ public void deleteJob(ScheduleJob scheduleJob) throws SchedulerException { JobKey jobKey = JobKey.jobKey(scheduleJob.getJobName(), scheduleJob.getJobGroup()); scheduler.deleteJob(jobKey); } /** * 立即執行job * * @param scheduleJob * @throws SchedulerException */ public void runAJobNow(ScheduleJob scheduleJob) throws SchedulerException { JobKey jobKey = JobKey.jobKey(scheduleJob.getJobName(), scheduleJob.getJobGroup()); scheduler.triggerJob(jobKey); } /** * 更新job時間表達式 * * @param scheduleJob * @throws SchedulerException */ public void updateJobCron(ScheduleJob scheduleJob) throws SchedulerException { TriggerKey triggerKey = TriggerKey.triggerKey(scheduleJob.getJobName(), scheduleJob.getJobGroup()); CronTrigger trigger = (CronTrigger) scheduler.getTrigger(triggerKey); CronScheduleBuilder scheduleBuilder = CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(scheduleJob.getCronExpression()); trigger = trigger.getTriggerBuilder().withIdentity(triggerKey).withSchedule(scheduleBuilder).build(); scheduler.rescheduleJob(triggerKey, trigger); }} |
service實現
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import com.bootdo.common.config.Constant;import com.bootdo.common.dao.TaskDao;import com.bootdo.common.domain.ScheduleJob;import com.bootdo.common.domain.TaskDO;import com.bootdo.common.quartz.utils.QuartzManager;import com.bootdo.common.service.JobService;import com.bootdo.common.utils.ScheduleJobUtils;import org.quartz.SchedulerException;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.List;import java.util.Map;@Servicepublic class JobServiceImpl implements JobService { @Autowired private TaskDao taskScheduleJobMapper; @Autowired QuartzManager quartzManager; @Override public TaskDO get(Long id) { return taskScheduleJobMapper.get(id); } @Override public List<TaskDO> list(Map<String, Object> map) { return taskScheduleJobMapper.list(map); } @Override public int count(Map<String, Object> map) { return taskScheduleJobMapper.count(map); } @Override public int save(TaskDO taskScheduleJob) { return taskScheduleJobMapper.save(taskScheduleJob); } @Override public int update(TaskDO taskScheduleJob) { return taskScheduleJobMapper.update(taskScheduleJob); } @Override public int remove(Long id) { try { TaskDO scheduleJob = get(id); quartzManager.deleteJob(ScheduleJobUtils.entityToData(scheduleJob)); return taskScheduleJobMapper.remove(id); } catch (SchedulerException e) { e.printStackTrace(); return 0; } } @Override public int batchRemove(Long[] ids) { for (Long id : ids) { try { TaskDO scheduleJob = get(id); quartzManager.deleteJob(ScheduleJobUtils.entityToData(scheduleJob)); } catch (SchedulerException e) { e.printStackTrace(); return 0; } } return taskScheduleJobMapper.batchRemove(ids); } @Override public void initSchedule() throws SchedulerException { // 這里獲取任務信息數據 List<TaskDO> jobList = taskScheduleJobMapper.list(new HashMap<String, Object>(16)); for (TaskDO scheduleJob : jobList) { if ("1".equals(scheduleJob.getJobStatus())) { ScheduleJob job = ScheduleJobUtils.entityToData(scheduleJob); quartzManager.addJob(job); } } } @Override public void changeStatus(Long jobId, String cmd) throws SchedulerException { TaskDO scheduleJob = get(jobId); if (scheduleJob == null) { return; } if (Constant.STATUS_RUNNING_STOP.equals(cmd)) { quartzManager.deleteJob(ScheduleJobUtils.entityToData(scheduleJob)); scheduleJob.setJobStatus(ScheduleJob.STATUS_NOT_RUNNING); } else { if (!Constant.STATUS_RUNNING_START.equals(cmd)) { } else { scheduleJob.setJobStatus(ScheduleJob.STATUS_RUNNING); quartzManager.addJob(ScheduleJobUtils.entityToData(scheduleJob)); } } update(scheduleJob); } @Override public void updateCron(Long jobId) throws SchedulerException { TaskDO scheduleJob = get(jobId); if (scheduleJob == null) { return; } if (ScheduleJob.STATUS_RUNNING.equals(scheduleJob.getJobStatus())) { quartzManager.updateJobCron(ScheduleJobUtils.entityToData(scheduleJob)); } update(scheduleJob); }} |
啟動一個監聽去初始化Quartz
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import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;import org.springframework.core.annotation.Order;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import com.bootdo.common.quartz.utils.QuartzManager;import com.bootdo.common.service.JobService;@Component@Order(value = 1)public class ScheduleJobInitListener implements CommandLineRunner { @Autowired JobService scheduleJobService; @Autowired QuartzManager quartzManager; @Override public void run(String... arg0) throws Exception { try { scheduleJobService.initSchedule(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }} |
以上就是本文的全部內容，希望對大家的學習有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持服務器之家。
原文鏈接：http://www.jianshu.com/p/800053e50ddf
