開發前的準備：
1、需要有一個公眾號（我這里用的測試號），拿到appid和appsecret；
2、進入公眾號開發者中心頁配置授權回調域名。具體位置：接口權限-網頁服務-網頁賬號-網頁授權獲取用戶基本信息-修改
注意，這里僅需填寫全域名（如www.qq.com、www.baidu.com），勿加 http:// 等協議頭及具體的地址字段；
我們可以通過使用ngrok來虛擬一個域名映射到本地開發環境，網址https://www.ngrok.cc/，大家自己去下載學習怎么使用
同時還需要掃一下這個二維碼
授權步驟：
1、引導用戶進入授權頁面同意授權，獲取code
2、通過code換取網頁授權access_token（與基礎支持中的access_token不同）
3、通過網頁授權access_token和openid獲取用戶基本信息
先看一下我的項目結構：
web.xml相關代碼：
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemalocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="webapp_id" version="3.0"> <display-name>wxauth</display-name> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file> <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> <servlet> <servlet-name>wxcallback</servlet-name> <servlet-class>com.xingshang.servlet.callbackserclet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>dburl</param-name> <param-value>jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/wxauth</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>driverclassname</param-name> <param-value>com.mysql.jdbc.driver</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>username</param-name> <param-value>root</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>password</param-name> <param-value>123456</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>wxcallback</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/wxcallback</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app> |
authutil工具類：
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package com.xingshang.util;import java.io.ioexception;import org.apache.http.httpentity;import org.apache.http.httpresponse;import org.apache.http.client.clientprotocolexception;import org.apache.http.client.methods.httpget;import org.apache.http.impl.client.defaulthttpclient;import org.apache.http.util.entityutils;import net.sf.json.jsonobject;public class authutil { public static final string appid = "wx45c1428e5584fcdb"; public static final string appsecret = "98174450eb706ada330f37e646be85d5"; public static jsonobject dogetjson(string url) throws clientprotocolexception, ioexception{ jsonobject jsonobject = null; //首先初始化httpclient對象 defaulthttpclient client = new defaulthttpclient(); //通過get方式進行提交 httpget httpget = new httpget(url); //通過httpclient的execute方法進行發送請求 httpresponse response = client.execute(httpget); //從response里面拿自己想要的結果 httpentity entity = response.getentity(); if(entity != null){ string result = entityutils.tostring(entity,"utf-8"); jsonobject = jsonobject.fromobject(result); } //把鏈接釋放掉 httpget.releaseconnection(); return jsonobject; }} |
java實現：
1、引導用戶進入授權頁面同意授權，獲取code
這一步其實就是將需要授權的頁面url拼接到微信的認證請求接口里面，比如需要用戶在訪問頁面 時進行授權認證
其中的scope參數有兩個值：
snsapi_base：只能獲取到用戶openid。好處是靜默認證，無需用戶手動點擊認證按鈕，感覺上像是直接進入網站一樣。
snsapi_userinfo：可以獲取到openid、昵稱、頭像、所在地等信息。需要用戶手動點擊認證按鈕。
相關代碼
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package com.xingshang.servlet;import java.io.ioexception;import java.net.urlencoder;import javax.servlet.servletexception;import javax.servlet.annotation.webservlet;import javax.servlet.http.httpservlet;import javax.servlet.http.httpservletrequest;import javax.servlet.http.httpservletresponse;import com.xingshang.util.authutil;/** * 入口地址 * @author administrator * */@webservlet("/wxlogin")public class loginservlet extends httpservlet { /** * */ private static final long serialversionuid = 1l; @override protected void doget(httpservletrequest request, httpservletresponse response) throws servletexception, ioexception { //第一步：引導用戶進入授權頁面同意授權，獲取code //回調地址// string backurl = "http://suliu.free.ngrok.cc/wxauth/callback"; //第1種情況使用 string backurl = "http://suliu.free.ngrok.cc/wxauth/wxcallback";//第2種情況使用，這里是web.xml中的路徑 //授權頁面地址 string url = "https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid="+authutil.appid + "&redirect_uri="+urlencoder.encode(backurl) + "&response_type=code" + "&scope=snsapi_userinfo" + "&state=state#wechat_redirect"; //重定向到授權頁面 response.sendredirect(url); }} |
2、通過第一步獲取的code換取網頁授權access_token（與基礎支持中的access_token不同）
這一步需要在控制器中獲取微信回傳給我們的code，通過這個code來請求access_token，通過access_token和openid獲取用戶基本信息:
相關代碼:
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package com.xingshang.servlet;import java.io.ioexception;import java.sql.connection;import java.sql.drivermanager;import java.sql.preparedstatement;import java.sql.resultset;import java.sql.sqlexception;import javax.servlet.servletconfig;import javax.servlet.servletexception;import javax.servlet.annotation.webservlet;import javax.servlet.http.httpservlet;import javax.servlet.http.httpservletrequest;import javax.servlet.http.httpservletresponse;import com.xingshang.util.authutil;import net.sf.json.jsonobject;/** * 回調地址 * @author administrator * *///@webservlet("/callback")public class callbackserclet extends httpservlet { /** * */ private static final long serialversionuid = 1l; private string dburl; private string driverclassname; private string username; private string password; private connection conn =null; private preparedstatement ps =null; private resultset rs = null; //初始化數據庫 @override public void init(servletconfig config) throws servletexception { //加載驅動 try { this.dburl = config.getinitparameter("dburl"); this.driverclassname = config.getinitparameter("driverclassname"); this.username = config.getinitparameter("username"); this.password = config.getinitparameter("password"); class.forname(driverclassname); } catch (classnotfoundexception e) { // todo auto-generated catch block e.printstacktrace(); } } @override protected void doget(httpservletrequest request, httpservletresponse response) throws servletexception, ioexception { //第二步：通過code換取網頁授權access_token //從request里面獲取code參數(當微信服務器訪問回調地址的時候，會把code參數傳遞過來) string code = request.getparameter("code"); system.out.println("code:"+code); //獲取code后，請求以下鏈接獲取access_token string url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token?appid=" + authutil.appid + "&secret=" + authutil.appsecret + "&code=" + code + "&grant_type=authorization_code"; //通過網絡請求方法來請求上面這個接口 jsonobject jsonobject = authutil.dogetjson(url); system.out.println("==========================jsonobject"+jsonobject); //從返回的json數據中取出access_token和openid，拉取用戶信息時用 string token = jsonobject.getstring("access_token"); string openid = jsonobject.getstring("openid"); // 第三步：刷新access_token（如果需要） // 第四步：拉取用戶信息(需scope為 snsapi_userinfo) string infourl ="https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/userinfo?access_token=" + token + "&openid=" + openid + "&lang=zh_cn"; //通過網絡請求方法來請求上面這個接口 jsonobject userinfo = authutil.dogetjson(infourl); system.out.println(userinfo); //第1種情況：使用微信用戶信息直接登錄，無需注冊和綁定// request.setattribute("info", userinfo); //直接跳轉// request.getrequestdispatcher("/index1.jsp").forward(request, response); //第2種情況： 將微信與當前系統的賬號進行綁定(需將第1種情況和@webservlet("/callback")注釋掉) //第一步，根據當前openid查詢數據庫，看是否該賬號已經進行綁定 try { string nickname = getnickname(openid); if(!"".equals(nickname)){ //已綁定 request.setattribute("nickname", nickname); request.getrequestdispatcher("/index2.jsp").forward(request, response); }else{ //未綁定 request.setattribute("openid", openid); request.getrequestdispatcher("/login.jsp").forward(request, response); } } catch (sqlexception e) { // todo auto-generated catch block e.printstacktrace(); } } //數據庫的查詢 public string getnickname(string openid) throws sqlexception{ string nickname = ""; //創建數據庫鏈接 conn = drivermanager.getconnection(dburl, username, password); string sql = "select nickname from user where openid = ?"; ps = conn.preparestatement(sql); ps.setstring(1, openid); rs = ps.executequery(); while (rs.next()) { nickname = rs.getstring("nickname"); } //關閉鏈接 rs.close(); ps.close(); conn.close(); return nickname; } //數據庫的修改(openid的綁定) public int updateuser(string account,string password,string openid) throws sqlexception{ //創建數據庫鏈接 conn = drivermanager.getconnection(dburl, username, password); string sql = "update user set openid = ? where account = ? and password = ?"; ps = conn.preparestatement(sql); ps.setstring(1, openid); ps.setstring(2, account); ps.setstring(3, password); int temp = ps.executeupdate(); //關閉鏈接 rs.close(); ps.close(); conn.close(); return temp; } //post方法，用來接受登錄請求 @override protected void dopost(httpservletrequest request, httpservletresponse response) throws servletexception, ioexception { string account = request.getparameter("account"); string password = request.getparameter("password"); string openid = request.getparameter("openid"); try { int temp = updateuser(account, password, openid); if(temp > 0){ string nickname = getnickname(openid); request.setattribute("nickname", nickname); request.getrequestdispatcher("/index2.jsp").forward(request, response); system.out.println("賬號綁定成功"); }else{ system.out.println("賬號綁定失敗"); } } catch (sqlexception e) { // todo auto-generated catch block e.printstacktrace(); } } } |
login.jsp
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<%@ page language="java" contenttype="text/html; charset=utf-8" pageencoding="utf-8"%><!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.01 transitional//en" "http://www.w3.org/tr/html4/loose.dtd"><html><head><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0"><title>insert title here</title></head><body> <form action="/wxauth/wxcallback" method="post"> <input type="text" name="account" /> <input type="password" name="password" /> <input type="hidden" name="openid" value="${openid }" /> <input type="submit" value="提交并綁定" /> </form></body></html> |
index.jsp
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<%@ page language="java" contenttype="text/html; charset=utf-8" pageencoding="utf-8"%><!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.01 transitional//en" "http://www.w3.org/tr/html4/loose.dtd"><html><head><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0"><title>insert title here</title></head><body style="font-size: 40px; text-align: center;"> <a href="/wxauth/wxlogin" rel="external nofollow" >微信公眾授權登錄</a></body></html> |
index1.jsp
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<%@ page language="java" contenttype="text/html; charset=utf-8" pageencoding="utf-8"%><!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.01 transitional//en" "http://www.w3.org/tr/html4/loose.dtd"><html><head><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0"><title>insert title here</title></head><body> <div>登陸成功！</div> <div>用戶昵稱:${info.nickname}</div> <div>用戶頭像:<img style="text-align: top;" width="100" src="${info.headimgurl }"></div></body></html> |
index2.jsp
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<%@ page language="java" contenttype="text/html; charset=utf-8" pageencoding="utf-8"%><!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.01 transitional//en" "http://www.w3.org/tr/html4/loose.dtd"><html><head><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0"><title>insert title here</title></head><body> <div>登陸成功！</div> <div>用戶昵稱:${nickname}</div></body></html> |
最后附上需要的jar包
到此，微信授權登錄成功，如果有運行問題請自行調試，我這邊能正常運行的
以上就是本文的全部內容，希望對大家的學習有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持服務器之家。
原文鏈接：https://www.cnblogs.com/sutao/p/8727019.html
