無意中在一個國外的站點下到了一個利用wcf實現(xiàn)聊天的程序，作者是：nikola paljetak。研究了一下，自己做了測試和部分修改，感覺還不錯，分享給大家。
先來看下運行效果：
開啟服務(wù)：
客戶端程序：
程序分為客戶端和服務(wù)器端：
------------服務(wù)器端：
ichatservice.cs:
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using system;using system.collections.generic;using system.linq;using system.runtime.serialization;using system.servicemodel;using system.text;using system.collections;namespace wcfchatservice{ // sessionmode.required 允許session會話。雙工協(xié)定時的回調(diào)協(xié)定類型為ichatcallback接口 [servicecontract(sessionmode = sessionmode.required, callbackcontract = typeof(ichatcallback))] public interface ichatservice { [operationcontract(isoneway = false, isinitiating = true, isterminating = false)]//----->isoneway = false等待服務(wù)器完成對方法處理;isinitiating = true啟動session會話,isterminating = false 設(shè)置服務(wù)器發(fā)送回復后不關(guān)閉會話 string[] join(string name);//用戶加入 [operationcontract(isoneway = true, isinitiating = false, isterminating = false)] void say(string msg);//群聊信息 [operationcontract(isoneway = true, isinitiating = false, isterminating = false)] void whisper(string to, string msg);//私聊信息 [operationcontract(isoneway = true, isinitiating = false, isterminating = true)] void leave();//用戶加入 } /// <summary> /// 雙向通信的回調(diào)接口 /// </summary> interface ichatcallback { [operationcontract(isoneway = true)] void receive(string sendername, string message); [operationcontract(isoneway = true)] void receivewhisper(string sendername, string message); [operationcontract(isoneway = true)] void userenter(string name); [operationcontract(isoneway = true)] void userleave(string name); } /// <summary> /// 設(shè)定消息的類型 /// </summary> public enum messagetype { receive, userenter, userleave, receivewhisper }; /// <summary> /// 定義一個本例的事件消息類. 創(chuàng)建包含有關(guān)事件的其他有用的信息的變量，只要派生自eventargs即可。 /// </summary> public class chateventargs : eventargs { public messagetype msgtype; public string name; public string message; }} |
chatservice.cs
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using system;using system.collections.generic;using system.linq;using system.runtime.serialization;using system.servicemodel;using system.text;namespace wcfchatservice{ // instancecontextmode.persession 服務(wù)器為每個客戶會話創(chuàng)建一個新的上下文對象。concurrencymode.multiple 異步的多線程實例 [servicebehavior(instancecontextmode = instancecontextmode.persession, concurrencymode = concurrencymode.multiple)] public class chatservice : ichatservice { private static object syncobj = new object();////定義一個靜態(tài)對象用于線程部份代碼塊的鎖定，用于lock操作 ichatcallback callback = null; public delegate void chateventhandler(object sender, chateventargs e);//定義用于把處理程序賦予給事件的委托。 public static event chateventhandler chatevent;//定義事件 static dictionary<string, chateventhandler> chatters = new dictionary<string, chateventhandler>();//創(chuàng)建一個靜態(tài)dictionary（表示鍵和值）集合(字典)，用于記錄在線成員，dictionary<(of <(tkey, tvalue>)>) 泛型類 private string name; private chateventhandler myeventhandler = null; public string[] join(string name) { bool useradded = false; myeventhandler = new chateventhandler(myeventhandler);//將myeventhandler方法作為參數(shù)傳遞給委托 lock (syncobj)//線程的同步性，同步訪問多個線程的任何變量，利用lock(獨占鎖)，確保數(shù)據(jù)訪問的唯一性。 { if (!chatters.containskey(name) && name != "" && name != null) { this.name = name; chatters.add(name, myeventhandler); useradded = true; } } if (useradded) { callback = operationcontext.current.getcallbackchannel<ichatcallback>();//獲取當前操作客戶端實例的通道給ichatcallback接口的實例callback,此通道是一個定義為ichatcallback類型的泛類型,通道的類型是事先服務(wù)契約協(xié)定好的雙工機制。 chateventargs e = new chateventargs();//實例化事件消息類chateventargs e.msgtype = messagetype.userenter; e.name = name; broadcastmessage(e); chatevent += myeventhandler; string[] list = new string[chatters.count]; //以下代碼返回當前進入聊天室成員的稱列表 lock (syncobj) { chatters.keys.copyto(list, 0);//將字典中記錄的用戶信息復制到數(shù)組中返回。 } return list; } else { return null; } } public void say(string msg) { chateventargs e = new chateventargs(); e.msgtype = messagetype.receive; e.name = this.name; e.message = msg; broadcastmessage(e); } public void whisper(string to, string msg) { chateventargs e = new chateventargs(); e.msgtype = messagetype.receivewhisper; e.name = this.name; e.message = msg; try { chateventhandler chatterto;//創(chuàng)建一個臨時委托實例 lock (syncobj) { chatterto = chatters[to]; //查找成員字典中，找到要接收者的委托調(diào)用 } chatterto.begininvoke(this, e, new asynccallback(endasync), null);//異步方式調(diào)用接收者的委托調(diào)用 } catch (keynotfoundexception) { } } public void leave() { if (this.name == null) return; lock (syncobj) { chatters.remove(this.name); } chatevent -= myeventhandler; chateventargs e = new chateventargs(); e.msgtype = messagetype.userleave; e.name = this.name; this.name = null; broadcastmessage(e); } //回調(diào)，根據(jù)客戶端動作通知對應(yīng)客戶端執(zhí)行對應(yīng)的操作 private void myeventhandler(object sender, chateventargs e) { try { switch (e.msgtype) { case messagetype.receive: callback.receive(e.name, e.message); break; case messagetype.receivewhisper: callback.receivewhisper(e.name, e.message); break; case messagetype.userenter: callback.userenter(e.name); break; case messagetype.userleave: callback.userleave(e.name); break; } } catch { leave(); } } private void broadcastmessage(chateventargs e) { chateventhandler temp = chatevent; if (temp != null) { //循環(huán)將在線的用戶廣播信息 foreach (chateventhandler handler in temp.getinvocationlist()) { //異步方式調(diào)用多路廣播委托的調(diào)用列表中的chateventhandler handler.begininvoke(this, e, new asynccallback(endasync), null); } } } //廣播中線程調(diào)用完成的回調(diào)方法功能：清除異常多路廣播委托的調(diào)用列表中異常對象（空對象） private void endasync(iasyncresult ar) { chateventhandler d = null; try { //封裝異步委托上的異步操作結(jié)果 system.runtime.remoting.messaging.asyncresult asres = (system.runtime.remoting.messaging.asyncresult)ar; d = ((chateventhandler)asres.asyncdelegate); d.endinvoke(ar); } catch { chatevent -= d; } } }} |
------------客戶端：
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using system;using system.collections.generic;using system.componentmodel;using system.data;using system.drawing;using system.linq;using system.text;using system.windows.forms;using system.runtime.interopservices;using system.servicemodel;namespace wcfchatclient{ public partial class chatform : form, ichatservicecallback { /// <summary> /// 該函數(shù)將指定的消息發(fā)送到一個或多個窗口。此函數(shù)為指定的窗口調(diào)用窗口程序，直到窗口程序處理完消息再返回。 /// </summary> /// <param name="hwnd">其窗口程序?qū)⒔邮障⒌拇翱诘木浔?lt;/param> /// <param name="msg">指定被發(fā)送的消息</param> /// <param name="wparam">指定附加的消息指定信息</param> /// <param name="lparam">指定附加的消息指定信息</param> [dllimport("user32.dll")] private static extern int sendmessage(intptr hwnd, int msg, int wparam, intptr lparam); //當一個窗口標準垂直滾動條產(chǎn)生一個滾動事件時發(fā)送此消息給那個窗口，也發(fā)送給擁有它的控件 private const int wm_vscroll = 0x115; private const int sb_bottom = 7; private int lastselectedindex = -1; private chatserviceclient proxy; private string username; private waitform wfdlg = new waitform(); private delegate void handledelegate(string[] list); private delegate void handleerrordelegate(); public chatform() { initializecomponent(); showinterchatmenuitem(true); } /// <summary> /// 連接服務(wù)器 /// </summary> private void interchatmenuitem_click(object sender, eventargs e) { lbonlineusers.items.clear(); loginform logindlg = new loginform(); if (logindlg.showdialog() == dialogresult.ok) { username = logindlg.txtusername.text; logindlg.close(); } txtchatcontent.focus(); application.doevents(); instancecontext site = new instancecontext(this);//為實現(xiàn)服務(wù)實例的對象進行初始化 proxy = new chatserviceclient(site); iasyncresult iar = proxy.beginjoin(username, new asynccallback(onendjoin), null); wfdlg.showdialog(); } private void onendjoin(iasyncresult iar) { try { string[] list = proxy.endjoin(iar); handleendjoin(list); } catch (exception e) { handleendjoinerror(); } } /// <summary> /// 錯誤提示 /// </summary> private void handleendjoinerror() { if (wfdlg.invokerequired) wfdlg.invoke(new handleerrordelegate(handleendjoinerror)); else { wfdlg.showerror("無法連接聊天室!"); exitchatsession(); } } /// <summary> /// 登錄結(jié)束后的處理 /// </summary> /// <param name="list"></param> private void handleendjoin(string[] list) { if (wfdlg.invokerequired) wfdlg.invoke(new handledelegate(handleendjoin), new object[] { list }); else { wfdlg.visible = false; showinterchatmenuitem(false); foreach (string name in list) { lbonlineusers.items.add(name); } appendtext(" 用戶: " + username + "--------登錄---------" + datetime.now.tostring()+ environment.newline); } } /// <summary> /// 退出聊天室 /// </summary> private void outinterchatmenuitem_click(object sender, eventargs e) { exitchatsession(); application.exit(); } /// <summary> /// 群聊 /// </summary> private void btnchat_click(object sender, eventargs e) { sayandclear("", txtchatcontent.text, false); txtchatcontent.focus(); } /// <summary> /// 發(fā)送消息 /// </summary> private void sayandclear(string to, string msg, bool pvt) { if (msg != "") { try { communicationstate cs = proxy.state; //pvt 公聊還是私聊 if (!pvt) { proxy.say(msg); } else { proxy.whisper(to, msg); } txtchatcontent.text = ""; } catch { abortproxyandupdateui(); appendtext("失去連接： " + datetime.now.tostring() + environment.newline); exitchatsession(); } } } private void txtchatcontent_keypress(object sender, keypresseventargs e) { if (e.keychar == 13) { e.handled = true; btnchat.performclick(); } } /// <summary> /// 只有選擇一個用戶時，私聊按鈕才可用 /// </summary> private void lbonlineusers_selectedindexchanged(object sender, eventargs e) { adjustwhisperbutton(); } /// <summary> /// 私聊 /// </summary> private void btnwhisper_click(object sender, eventargs e) { if (txtchatdetails.text == "") { return; } object to = lbonlineusers.selecteditem; if (to != null) { string receivername = (string)to; appendtext("私下對" + receivername + "說: " + txtchatcontent.text);//+ environment.newline sayandclear(receivername, txtchatcontent.text, true); txtchatcontent.focus(); } } /// <summary> /// 連接聊天室 /// </summary> private void showinterchatmenuitem(bool show) { interchatmenuitem.enabled = show; outinterchatmenuitem.enabled = this.btnchat.enabled = !show; } private void appendtext(string text) { txtchatdetails.text += text; sendmessage(txtchatdetails.handle, wm_vscroll, sb_bottom, new intptr(0)); } /// <summary> /// 退出應(yīng)用程序時,釋放使用資源 /// </summary> private void exitchatsession() { try { proxy.leave(); } catch { } finally { abortproxyandupdateui(); } } /// <summary> /// 釋放使用資源 /// </summary> private void abortproxyandupdateui() { if (proxy != null) { proxy.abort(); proxy.close(); proxy = null; } showinterchatmenuitem(true); } /// <summary> /// 接收消息 /// </summary> public void receive(string sendername, string message) { appendtext(sendername + "說: " + message + environment.newline); } /// <summary> /// 接收私聊消息 /// </summary> public void receivewhisper(string sendername, string message) { appendtext(sendername + " 私下說: " + message + environment.newline); } /// <summary> /// 新用戶登錄 /// </summary> public void userenter(string name) { appendtext("用戶 " + name + " --------登錄---------" + datetime.now.tostring() + environment.newline); lbonlineusers.items.add(name); } /// <summary> /// 用戶離開 /// </summary> public void userleave(string name) { appendtext("用戶 " + name + " --------離開---------" + datetime.now.tostring() + environment.newline); lbonlineusers.items.remove(name); adjustwhisperbutton(); } /// <summary> /// 控制私聊按鈕的可用性,只有選擇了用戶時按鈕才可用 /// </summary> private void adjustwhisperbutton() { if (lbonlineusers.selectedindex == lastselectedindex) { lbonlineusers.selectedindex = -1; lastselectedindex = -1; btnwhisper.enabled = false; } else { btnwhisper.enabled = true; lastselectedindex = lbonlineusers.selectedindex; } txtchatcontent.focus(); } /// <summary> /// 窗體關(guān)閉時，釋放使用資源 /// </summary> private void chatform_formclosed(object sender, formclosedeventargs e) { abortproxyandupdateui(); application.exit(); } }} |
代碼中我做了詳細的講解，相信園友們完全可以看懂。代碼中的一些使用的方法還是值得大家參考學習的。這里涉及到了wcf的使用方法，需要注意的是:如果想利用工具生成代理類，需要加上下面的代碼：
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if (host.description.behaviors.find<system.servicemodel.description.servicemetadatabehavior>() == null) { bindingelement metaelement = new tcptransportbindingelement(); custombinding metabind = new custombinding(metaelement); host.description.behaviors.add(new system.servicemodel.description.servicemetadatabehavior()); host.addserviceendpoint(typeof(system.servicemodel.description.imetadataexchange), metabind, "mex"); } |
否則在生成代理類的時候會報錯如下的錯誤：
源碼下載：
/files/gaoweipeng/wcfchat.rar
